Introduction Suvorexant is an oral hypnotic drug marketed under the brand name Belsomra. Pharmacologically, suvorexant is a dual orexin receptor antagonist, commonly called a DORA. Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or both. Unlike traditional sedative-hypnotic drugs that broadly depress the central nervous system through GABAergic mechanisms, suvorexant … Read more
Introduction Camzyos is the brand name of mavacamten, an oral cardiac myosin inhibitor used in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, commonly called obstructive HCM or oHCM. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease in which the heart muscle, especially the left ventricle, becomes abnormally thickened. In obstructive HCM, the thickened septum and abnormal ventricular contraction can narrow the left … Read more
Introduction Asciminib is an oral targeted anticancer drug marketed under the brand name Scemblix. Pharmacologically, asciminib is an ABL/BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, commonly abbreviated as Ph+ CML. Chronic myeloid leukemia is driven by the Philadelphia chromosome, which forms due to a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This … Read more
Introduction Ultomiris is the brand name of ravulizumab-cwvz, a long-acting complement inhibitor. Pharmacologically, ravulizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds complement protein C5 and prevents terminal complement activation. The complement system is part of innate immunity. It helps destroy pathogens and damaged cells through inflammatory mediators and formation of the membrane attack complex, also … Read more
Introduction Apalutamide is an oral targeted anticancer drug marketed under the brand name Erleada. Pharmacologically, apalutamide is an androgen receptor inhibitor used in prostate cancer. Prostate cancer growth is often driven by androgen signaling. Androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone bind to androgen receptors inside prostate cancer cells. Once activated, androgen receptors move into the … Read more
Introduction Fostamatinib is an oral targeted drug marketed under the brand name Tavalisse. Pharmacologically, fostamatinib is a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, commonly called a SYK inhibitor. Immune thrombocytopenia, or ITP, is an autoimmune bleeding disorder in which platelets are destroyed faster than they can be replaced. In chronic ITP, autoantibodies bind to platelets and mark … Read more
Introduction Solriamfetol is an oral wakefulness-promoting drug marketed under the brand name Sunosi. Pharmacologically, solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, commonly abbreviated as DNRI. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a major symptom in narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. In narcolepsy, sleep-wake regulation is disturbed, often due to abnormalities in wake-promoting and REM sleep-regulating pathways. … Read more
Introduction Sotorasib is an oral targeted anticancer drug marketed under the brand name Lumakras. Pharmacologically, sotorasib is a KRAS G12C inhibitor and belongs to the class of RAS GTPase inhibitors. KRAS is an important intracellular signaling protein involved in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis regulation. Normally, KRAS works like a molecular switch. It … Read more
Introduction Cimzia is the brand name of certolizumab pegol, a biologic anti-inflammatory drug used in several immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Pharmacologically, Cimzia is a tumor necrosis factor blocker, commonly called a TNF inhibitor or anti-TNF drug. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or TNF-alpha, is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in immune-cell activation, cytokine release, leukocyte migration, endothelial activation, … Read more
Introduction Relugolix is an oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist, also called a GnRH receptor antagonist or LHRH receptor antagonist. It is used as relugolix alone under the brand name Orgovyx for adult patients with advanced prostate cancer. Relugolix is also present in the combination product Myfembree, which contains relugolix, estradiol, and norethindrone acetate for selected … Read more
