Harsh Singh Rajput 
Introduction Simvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It acts by inhibiting hepatic cholesterol synthesis, leading to increased removal of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from the bloodstream. Simvastatin is widely used in hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis prevention, and cardiovascular risk reduction. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key … Read more
Introduction Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used in depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and related psychiatric conditions. It enhances serotonergic neurotransmission in the brain by selectively inhibiting serotonin reuptake at presynaptic neurons. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key exam point is that sertraline selectively … Read more
Introduction Seroquel is the brand name for quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic medication used in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. It acts on multiple neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system, particularly dopamine and serotonin receptors. Its balanced serotonin-dopamine antagonism helps reduce psychotic symptoms while lowering the risk of extrapyramidal side effects compared with … Read more
Introduction Senna is a stimulant laxative derived from the leaves and pods of Senna species plants. It is commonly used for short-term treatment of constipation and bowel evacuation before diagnostic procedures. Senna acts mainly in the colon by stimulating intestinal motility and increasing water secretion into the bowel lumen. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key … Read more
Introduction Selegiline is a selective monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor primarily used in Parkinson disease. It increases dopamine availability in the central nervous system by inhibiting dopamine metabolism. At higher doses, selectivity for MAO-B decreases and inhibition of MAO-A may also occur. Selegiline helps improve motor symptoms and may reduce fluctuations in Parkinson disease. Mechanism of … Read more
Introduction Scopolamine is an antimuscarinic drug primarily used for prevention of motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It acts by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Scopolamine has significant effects on the vestibular system and vomiting center, making it especially useful in motion-related nausea. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A … Read more
Introduction Rosuvastatin is a statin medication used to treat hypercholesterolemia and reduce cardiovascular risk. It lowers low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by inhibiting hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Rosuvastatin is one of the most potent HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and is widely used in prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key exam point is that … Read more
Introduction Rivastigmine is a centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor used primarily in Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease-associated dementia. It improves cognitive function by increasing acetylcholine levels in the brain. Rivastigmine inhibits both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes, enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission in cortical and hippocampal regions involved in memory and cognition. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key exam … Read more
Introduction Ritalin is the brand name for methylphenidate, a central nervous system stimulant primarily used in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It improves attention, concentration, and behavioral control by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine activity in the brain, especially in the prefrontal cortex. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key exam point is that methylphenidate blocks dopamine … Read more
Introduction Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication used in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, irritability associated with autism spectrum disorder, and other psychiatric conditions. It works mainly through antagonism of dopamine and serotonin receptors in the central nervous system. Compared with typical antipsychotics, risperidone has lower extrapyramidal toxicity at therapeutic doses because of its combined serotonin-dopamine antagonistic … Read more
