Harsh Singh Rajput

Harsh Singh Rajput is a pharmacist currently working at ESIC and holds an MBA in Pharmaceutical Management from NIPER Hyderabad. He has a strong academic record with top ranks in national-level pharmacy exams, including AIR 61 in NIPER 2024 (MS/M.Pharm), AIR 27 in NIPER MBA, AIR 147 in GPAT 2024, AIR 907 in GPAT 2023, and AIR 6 in AIIMS CRE-2025 for Drug Store Keeper. At PharmacyFreak.com, he contributes expert content, exam strategies, and practical guidance for future pharmacists. Mail- harsh@pharmacyfreak.com

Mechanism of Action of Xeljanz

August 4, 2026August 4, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Xeljanz is the brand name of tofacitinib, an oral immunomodulatory drug. Pharmacologically, tofacitinib is a Janus kinase inhibitor, commonly called a JAK inhibitor. Inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, polyarticular course juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ulcerative colitis are driven by abnormal immune-cell activation and cytokine signaling. Cytokines are chemical … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Deucravacitinib

August 4, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Deucravacitinib is an oral immunomodulatory drug marketed under the brand name Sotyktu. Pharmacologically, deucravacitinib is a selective tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor, commonly called a TYK2 inhibitor. Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are immune-mediated inflammatory diseases involving abnormal cytokine signaling, T-cell activation, keratinocyte inflammation, synovial inflammation, enthesitis, and systemic immune dysregulation. Important inflammatory pathways include interleukin-23, … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Blenrep

August 3, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Blenrep is the brand name of belantamab mafodotin-blmf, an anticancer biologic used in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Pharmacologically, Blenrep is a B-cell maturation antigen-directed antibody-drug conjugate, commonly called a BCMA-directed ADC. Multiple myeloma is a plasma-cell malignancy in which abnormal plasma cells multiply in the bone marrow and produce monoclonal immunoglobulin or light … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Dabrafenib

August 3, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Dabrafenib is an oral targeted anticancer drug marketed under the brand name Tafinlar. Pharmacologically, dabrafenib is a BRAF kinase inhibitor used in selected cancers with activating BRAF mutations. The BRAF protein is a serine/threonine kinase in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway, also called the MAPK pathway. This pathway normally transmits growth signals from cell-surface receptors … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Teriflunomide

July 31, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Teriflunomide is an oral immunomodulatory drug marketed under the brand name Aubagio. Pharmacologically, teriflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor used in multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system. In MS, autoreactive immune cells attack myelin, oligodendrocytes, and axonal structures in the brain and spinal cord. … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Dayvigo

July 31, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Dayvigo is the brand name of lemborexant, an oral hypnotic drug used in adults with insomnia. Pharmacologically, lemborexant is an orexin receptor antagonist and belongs to the class of dual orexin receptor antagonists, commonly abbreviated as DORAs. Insomnia is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or both. Many older hypnotic drugs promote … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Avacopan

July 30, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Avacopan is an oral immunology drug marketed under the brand name Tavneos. Pharmacologically, avacopan is a complement 5a receptor antagonist, commonly written as a C5aR antagonist. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis, or ANCA-associated vasculitis, is an autoimmune small-vessel vasculitis. It includes granulomatosis with polyangiitis, also called GPA, and microscopic polyangiitis, also called MPA. In these … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Suvorexant

July 30, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Suvorexant is an oral hypnotic drug marketed under the brand name Belsomra. Pharmacologically, suvorexant is a dual orexin receptor antagonist, commonly called a DORA. Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or both. Unlike traditional sedative-hypnotic drugs that broadly depress the central nervous system through GABAergic mechanisms, suvorexant … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Camzyos

July 29, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Camzyos is the brand name of mavacamten, an oral cardiac myosin inhibitor used in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, commonly called obstructive HCM or oHCM. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease in which the heart muscle, especially the left ventricle, becomes abnormally thickened. In obstructive HCM, the thickened septum and abnormal ventricular contraction can narrow the left … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Asciminib

July 29, 2026 Harsh Singh Rajput

Introduction Asciminib is an oral targeted anticancer drug marketed under the brand name Scemblix. Pharmacologically, asciminib is an ABL/BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, commonly abbreviated as Ph+ CML. Chronic myeloid leukemia is driven by the Philadelphia chromosome, which forms due to a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This … Read more