Harsh Singh Rajput 
Introduction Mifepristone is a synthetic steroidal drug primarily used as an abortifacient and in the management of conditions such as Cushing syndrome. It acts as a progesterone receptor antagonist, disrupting the hormonal support required for pregnancy. Its ability to block glucocorticoid receptors also contributes to its use in hypercortisolism. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key … Read more
Introduction Metoprolol is a selective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker (cardioselective beta-blocker) widely used in the management of hypertension, angina, heart failure, and arrhythmias. By selectively targeting β1 receptors in the heart, metoprolol reduces cardiac workload and oxygen demand while minimizing effects on β2 receptors in the lungs at therapeutic doses. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key … Read more
Introduction Metolazone is a thiazide-like diuretic commonly used in the management of hypertension and edema, particularly in patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease. It is especially useful when combined with loop diuretics in resistant edema. Metolazone acts primarily on the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron to promote sodium and water excretion. Mechanism … Read more
Introduction Metoclopramide is a prokinetic and antiemetic drug commonly used in gastrointestinal disorders and nausea-related conditions. It enhances gastrointestinal motility and accelerates gastric emptying while also acting centrally to reduce nausea and vomiting. It is widely used in conditions such as gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and chemotherapy-induced nausea. Mechanism of Action (Step-wise) A key … Read more
Introduction Methylxanthines are a class of drugs that include theophylline, aminophylline, and caffeine. They are primarily used as bronchodilators in respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition to respiratory effects, they also have central nervous system stimulant and cardiovascular effects. Their mechanism of action involves multiple pathways, including phosphodiesterase … Read more
Introduction Methocarbamol is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used in the management of acute musculoskeletal pain and muscle spasms. It is commonly prescribed in conditions such as back pain, muscle strain, and injury-related spasms. Unlike neuromuscular blockers, methocarbamol does not act directly on skeletal muscle or the neuromuscular junction. Instead, it exerts its effect within … Read more
Introduction Methimazole is an antithyroid drug used primarily in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, especially in conditions such as Graves’ disease. It belongs to the thionamide class and works by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland. It is preferred over propylthiouracil in most cases due to its longer duration of action and … Read more
Introduction Methadone is a long-acting synthetic opioid used in the management of chronic pain and opioid dependence. It is particularly important in opioid substitution therapy due to its ability to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Methadone has unique pharmacological properties compared to other opioids, including additional effects on NMDA receptors, which contribute to its analgesic … Read more
Introduction Mesalazine (also known as mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA) is an anti-inflammatory drug used primarily in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and mild Crohn disease. It acts locally within the intestinal mucosa to reduce inflammation and promote mucosal healing. Its targeted action in the gut makes it effective with … Read more
Introduction Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA) is an anti-inflammatory drug primarily used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and, in some cases, Crohn disease. It acts locally on the intestinal mucosa to reduce inflammation. Unlike systemic anti-inflammatory drugs, mesalamine exerts its effect mainly within the gastrointestinal tract with minimal systemic absorption. … Read more
