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Mechanism of Action of Benzodiazepines (CNS Depressants)

June 23, 2025June 23, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Benzodiazepine MOA – GABA-A receptor binding and chloride channel modulation

Introduction Benzodiazepines are a widely used class of central nervous system (CNS) depressants known for their anxiolytic, sedative, … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Ethosuximide

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Ethosuximide MOA – T-type calcium channel blocker for absence seizures

Introduction Ethosuximide is the first-line drug for treating absence seizures, a type of generalized seizure common in children. … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Topiramate

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Topiramate MOA – GABA enhancer, AMPA blocker, sodium channel inhibitor

Introduction Topiramate is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) known for its use in treating partial and generalized seizures, … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Phenytoin

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Phenytoin MOA – voltage-gated sodium channel blocker

Introduction Phenytoin is one of the oldest and most widely used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), primarily for treating focal … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Lamotrigine

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Lamotrigine MOA – sodium channel blocker and glutamate inhibitor

Introduction Lamotrigine is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) and an effective mood stabilizer, especially in bipolar depression. It … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Carbamazepine

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Carbamazepine mechanism of action – sodium channel blocker in epilepsy and neuralgia

Introduction Carbamazepine is a classic antiepileptic drug (AED) and mood stabilizer. It is mainly used to treat partial … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Valproate (Mood Stabilizer & Antiepileptic)

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Valproate mechanism of action – GABA elevation and ion channel blockade

Introduction Valproate (also known as valproic acid or divalproex sodium) is a widely used mood stabilizer and broad-spectrum … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Lithium (Mood Stabilizer)

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Lithium mechanism of action – mood stabilization via inositol pathway inhibition

Introduction Lithium is the gold-standard mood stabilizer, used for managing bipolar disorder, especially to control acute manic episodes … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Atypical Antipsychotics (Second-Generation)

July 4, 2025June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Atypical antipsychotics MOA – D2 and 5-HT2A receptor action in schizophrenia

Introduction Atypical antipsychotics, also known as second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), are widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Typical Antipsychotics (First-Generation)

June 3, 2025 by Harsh Singh Rajput
Typical antipsychotics MOA – D2 receptor antagonism in mesolimbic pathway

Introduction Typical antipsychotics, also known as first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs), are primarily used to treat schizophrenia, acute psychosis, and … Read more

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