Pharmacy Freak Editorial Team 
PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING BACTERIAL GROWTH The various factors affecting bacterial growth are: 1. Oxygen Oxygen is a universal component of cells and is always provided in large amounts by H₂O. Bacteria differ in their requirement for molecular oxygen and are mainly divided into two groups. a. Aerobes They require oxygen for growth. b. … Read more
A.CLASSIFICATION BASED ON NATURE OF ONSTITUENTS/INGREDIENTS 1. Those media that require living cells or tissues which are parasitized by the microorganisms to be cultured, A perfect example is cultivation of Rickettsiae and viruses which are obligate intracellular parasites that require living host cells within which only they can multiply. 2. Those media that doesn’t require … Read more
Bacteria Bacteria (singular: bacterium) form a large group of unicellular prokaryotes that do not contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Antony Van Leeuwenhoek first observed them in 1676 using a single-lens microscope of his own design. He called them animalcules” and published his observations in a series of letters to the Royal Society of … Read more
Pharmaceutical microbiology plays an important role in ensuring the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products. It involves the study of microorganisms and their interactions with pharmaceuticals. The application of pharmaceutical microbiology extends to various areas, including drug development, production, and quality control. By understanding the scope and applications of pharmaceutical microbiology, we can better appreciate … Read more
Write down the scope of microbiology. The scope of microbiology : Production of Antibiotics Antibiotics are compounds that can inhibit the growth or kill microorganisms. There are two main types of antibiotics: bacteriostatic, which inhibit the growth of bacteria, and bactericidal, which kill the bacteria. In 1929, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin from Penicillium notatum, which … Read more
The development of microbiology took place in three distinct historical eras :- DISCOVERY ERA In this era, microbial world was explored with the discovery of the microscope. The lens was first invented by Roger Bacone (1267) who developed the lens. Janes & Jansen (1590) developed a crude type of microscope by placing two lenses together … Read more
Microbiology Microbiology is a specialized branch of biology that deals with the study of organisms (particularly microscopic or submicroscopic) which are usually invisible to the naked eye (Greek, micro = small, bios = life, logos = study). Louis Pasteur (1822-95) introduced the term microbiology, who demonstrated that the fermentation process was due to the action … Read more
