We have provided 50 MCQs on Skeleton System MCQs, Unit-2, 1st semester, Human Anatomy and physiology, B. Pharm. We have covered following topics.
Divisions of skeletal system, types of bone, salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system. Organization of skeletal muscle, physiology of muscle contraction, neuromuscular junction.
Table of Contents
MCQs on Skeletal System
Which division of the skeletal system includes bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage?
- A) Axial skeleton
- B) Appendicular skeleton
- C) Long bones
- D) Irregular bones
Correct Answer: A) Axial skeleton
What type of bone is characterized by a complex shape and does not fit into the other categories of bone classification?
- A) Long bone
- B) Short bone
- C) Irregular bone
- D) Flat bone
Correct Answer: C) Irregular bone
The function of the axial skeleton includes:
- A) Providing support and attachment for muscles
- B) Aiding in locomotion
- C) Protecting vital organs
- D) Facilitating fine motor skills
Correct Answer: C) Protecting vital organs
Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
- A) Sternum
- B) Femur
- C) Occipital bone
- D) Vertebrae
Correct Answer: B) Femur
The primary function of flat bones, such as the scapula and cranial bones, is to:
- A) Provide support for body weight
- B) Facilitate fine motor skills
- C) Protect internal organs
- D) Aid in blood cell production
Correct Answer: C) Protect internal organs
Which of the following is the smallest unit of a muscle fiber that can contract?
- A) Myofibril
- B) Sarcomere
- C) Myosin
- D) Actin
Correct Answer: B) Sarcomere
The sliding filament theory explains muscle contraction at the level of:
- A) Myofibrils
- B) Sarcomeres
- C) Myosin heads
- D) Muscle fibers
Correct Answer: B) Sarcomeres
What is the neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals from motor neurons to muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction?
- A) Dopamine
- B) Acetylcholine (ACh)
- C) Serotonin
- D) GABA
Correct Answer: B) Acetylcholine (ACh)
When a muscle contracts, which protein binds to calcium ions, allowing myosin heads to attach to actin filaments?
- A) Troponin
- B) Tropomyosin
- C) Myosin
- D) Actin
Correct Answer: A) Troponin
The neuromuscular junction is the point of communication between:
- A) Two muscle fibers
- B) A muscle and a tendon
- C) A motor neuron and a muscle fiber
- D) Two bones connected by a joint
Correct Answer: C) A motor neuron and a muscle fiber
The division of the skeletal system responsible for providing support and protection to the body’s major organs, such as the heart and lungs, is the:
- A) Axial skeleton
- B) Appendicular skeleton
- C) Irregular bones
- D) Long bones
Correct Answer: A) Axial skeleton
Which type of bone is characterized by its cylindrical shape and is found in the limbs?
- A) Short bone
- B) Long bone
- C) Irregular bone
- D) Flat bone
Correct Answer: B) Long bone
The functions of the appendicular skeleton include:
- A) Protecting the brain and spinal cord
- B) Providing support for the body’s major organs
- C) Facilitating movement and locomotion
- D) Supporting the body’s weight
Correct Answer: C) Facilitating movement and locomotion
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
- A) Clavicle
- B) Humerus
- C) Sternum
- D) Femur
Correct Answer: C) Sternum
The function of irregular bones, such as the vertebrae, is primarily related to:
- A) Locomotion
- B) Blood cell production
- C) Protecting internal organs
- D) Aiding in digestion
Correct Answer: C) Protecting internal organs
Which protein, found in muscle fibers, slides along actin filaments during muscle contraction to generate force?
- A) Myosin
- B) Troponin
- C) Tropomyosin
- D) Collagen
Correct Answer: A) Myosin
The process of muscle contraction is initiated by the release of which ion from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
- A) Sodium (Na+)
- B) Potassium (K+)
- C) Calcium (Ca2+)
- D) Magnesium (Mg2+)
Correct Answer: C) Calcium (Ca2+)
During muscle contraction, myosin heads attach to binding sites on which protein in the sarcomere?
- A) Actin
- B) Troponin
- C) Tropomyosin
- D) Collagen
Correct Answer: A) Actin
The site where a motor neuron meets a muscle fiber to initiate muscle contraction is known as the:
- A) Synaptic cleft
- B) Axon terminal
- C) Neuromuscular junction
- D) Sarcomere
Correct Answer: C) Neuromuscular junction
What neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate muscle contraction?
- A) Serotonin
- B) GABA
- C) Acetylcholine (ACh)
- D) Dopamine
Correct Answer: C) Acetylcholine (ACh)
Which part of the axial skeleton is responsible for protecting the spinal cord?
- A) Ribcage
- B) Skull
- C) Vertebral column
- D) Pelvic girdle
Correct Answer: C) Vertebral column
The term “compact bone” refers to bone tissue that is:
- A) Soft and spongy
- B) Dense and hard
- C) Comprised of trabeculae
- D) Found in the epiphysis
Correct Answer: B) Dense and hard
The bones of the appendicular skeleton are involved in:
- A) Protecting internal organs
- B) Facilitating movement and locomotion
- C) Supporting the skull
- D) Blood cell production
Correct Answer: B) Facilitating movement and locomotion
The scapula (shoulder blade) is an example of which type of bone?
- A) Long bone
- B) Short bone
- C) Irregular bone
- D) Flat bone
Correct Answer: D) Flat bone
What is the primary function of sesamoid bones, such as the patella (kneecap)?
- A) Blood cell production
- B) Providing structural support
- C) Enhancing muscle leverage
- D) Protecting internal organs
Correct Answer: C) Enhancing muscle leverage
In the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, what causes the myosin heads to bind to actin filaments?
- A) Calcium ions
- B) Sodium ions
- C) Potassium ions
- D) Chloride ions
Correct Answer: A) Calcium ions
Which protein covers the binding sites on actin filaments and prevents myosin from attaching to them in a relaxed muscle?
- A) Troponin
- B) Tropomyosin
- C) Myosin
- D) Collagen
Correct Answer: B) Tropomyosin
During muscle contraction, which molecule stores energy that is used to power the myosin heads?
- A) ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
- B) Glucose
- C) Oxygen
- D) Lactic acid
Correct Answer: A) ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
The point where a motor neuron and a muscle fiber meet is known as the:
- A) Sarcoplasm
- B) Myofibril
- C) Sarcomere
- D) Neuromuscular junction
Correct Answer: D) Neuromuscular junction
What role does acetylcholine play at the neuromuscular junction?
- A) Inhibiting muscle contraction
- B) Relaying sensory information to the brain
- C) Transmitting signals from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber
- D) Breaking down muscle fibers
Correct Answer: C) Transmitting signals from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber
Which bone in the axial skeleton plays a crucial role in the articulation of the upper limb with the axial skeleton and is often referred to as the “collarbone”?
- A) Scapula
- B) Sternum
- C) Humerus
- D) Clavicle
Correct Answer: D) Clavicle
The primary function of the pelvic girdle in the appendicular skeleton is:
- A) Protecting the spinal cord
- B) Aiding in respiration
- C) Supporting the lower limbs and organs
- D) Facilitating fine motor skills
Correct Answer: C) Supporting the lower limbs and organs
Which type of bone, found in the wrist and ankle, is approximately as long as it is wide and is responsible for providing stability and support to the joints?
- A) Long bone
- B) Short bone
- C) Irregular bone
- D) Flat bone
Correct Answer: B) Short bone
The metacarpal bones are part of which skeletal division?
- A) Axial skeleton
- B) Appendicular skeleton
- C) Long bones
- D) Irregular bones
Correct Answer: B) Appendicular skeleton
During muscle contraction, what happens to the sarcomere length?
- A) It shortens
- B) It remains unchanged
- C) It lengthens
- D) It vibrates rapidly
Correct Answer: A) It shortens
What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction?
- A) Producing ATP
- B) Transmitting nerve signals
- C) Storing and releasing calcium ions
- D) Contracting the myofibrils
Correct Answer: C) Storing and releasing calcium ions
Which molecule supplies energy for muscle contraction by transferring its phosphate group to ADP to form ATP?
- A) Creatine phosphate
- B) Glycogen
- C) Myoglobin
- D) Lactic acid
Correct Answer: A) Creatine phosphate
What triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, initiating muscle contraction?
- A) Electrical impulses from motor neurons
- B) Accumulation of potassium ions
- C) An increase in ATP levels
- D) Release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction
Correct Answer: A) Electrical impulses from motor neurons
What is the role of troponin in muscle contraction?
- A) Binding to myosin heads
- B) Binding to calcium ions
- C) Preventing the binding of myosin to actin
- D) Storing energy in the form of creatine phosphate
Correct Answer: B) Binding to calcium ions
Which part of the axial skeleton is responsible for protecting the brain?
- A) Vertebral column
- B) Ribcage
- C) Skull
- D) Pelvic girdle
Correct Answer: C) Skull
The primary function of the humerus bone in the appendicular skeleton is:
- A) Protecting the heart
- B) Supporting the lower limbs
- C) Facilitating arm movement
- D) Aiding in respiration
Correct Answer: C) Facilitating arm movement
Which type of bone, found in the wrist (carpals) and ankle (tarsals), is composed of small, irregularly shaped bones that allow for flexibility in joint movement?
- A) Long bone
- B) Short bone
- C) Irregular bone
- D) Flat bone
Correct Answer: B) Short bone
The bones of the forearm (radius and ulna) are part of which skeletal division?
- A) Axial skeleton
- B) Appendicular skeleton
- C) Long bones
- D) Irregular bones
Correct Answer: B) Appendicular skeleton
What is the primary function of the ribs in the axial skeleton?
- A) Supporting the lower limbs
- B) Protecting the spinal cord
- C) Aiding in digestion
- D) Protecting the thoracic organs
Correct Answer: D) Protecting the thoracic organs
The “all-or-none” principle in muscle physiology refers to:
- A) The fact that muscles can contract to varying degrees
- B) The idea that muscles can either contract fully or not at all in response to a stimulus
- C) The gradual increase in muscle strength with exercise
- D) The simultaneous contraction of all muscle groups in the body
Correct Answer: B) The idea that muscles can either contract fully or not at all in response to a stimulus
Which molecule is primarily responsible for storing oxygen in muscle cells to support aerobic respiration during muscle contraction?
- A) ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
- B) Creatine phosphate
- C) Myoglobin
- D) Troponin
Correct Answer: C) Myoglobin
What happens to sarcomeres when muscle fibers contract?
- A) Sarcomeres lengthen
- B) Sarcomeres shorten
- C) Sarcomeres remain unchanged
- D) Sarcomeres vibrate rapidly
Correct Answer: B) Sarcomeres shorten
The role of the motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction is to:
- A) Store calcium ions
- B) Release acetylcholine
- C) Produce ATP
- D) Contract muscle fibers
Correct Answer: B) Release acetylcholine
In the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, what causes the myosin heads to detach from the actin filaments?
- A) Calcium ions
- B) ATP
- C) Acetylcholine
- D) Sodium ions
Correct Answer: B) ATP
More MCQs
Semester- 1
- Human Anatomy & Physiology