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Mechanism of Action of Spravato

Mechanism of Action of Spravato

Introduction Spravato is the brand name of esketamine, a nasal spray antidepressant used in selected adults with major depressive disorder. Pharmacologically, esketamine is a non-selective, non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, commonly called an NMDA receptor antagonist. Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder involving mood, cognition, sleep, appetite, motivation, reward processing, stress regulation, neuroplasticity, and multiple neurotransmitter … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Xeljanz

Mechanism of Action of Xeljanz

Introduction Xeljanz is the brand name of tofacitinib, an oral immunomodulatory drug. Pharmacologically, tofacitinib is a Janus kinase inhibitor, commonly called a JAK inhibitor. Inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, polyarticular course juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ulcerative colitis are driven by abnormal immune-cell activation and cytokine signaling. Cytokines are chemical … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Taltz

Taltz Mechanism of Action

Mechanism of Action of Taltz Introduction Taltz is the brand name of ixekizumab, a biologic immunomodulator used in selected chronic inflammatory diseases. Pharmacologically, ixekizumab is a humanized immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody that acts as an interleukin-17A antagonist. Interleukin-17A, commonly called IL-17A, is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in normal immune defense and abnormal immune-mediated inflammation. It … Read more

PCI B.Pharm Syllabus 2026: New Semester-Wise Subjects, Credits, Exam Pattern & Major Changes

New PCI B.Pharm syllabus 2026 covering subjects, credits and exam pattern

The Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) has notified a new Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm) syllabus for 2026, aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The new curriculum introduces Python programming, pharmaceutical data analytics, machine learning, multiple AI-focused courses, startup education, skill-based electives, two internships, research projects, industry exposure and a revised credit-based examination system. … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Riociguat

Mechanism of Action of Riociguat

Introduction Riociguat is an oral pulmonary vasodilator used in selected forms of pulmonary hypertension. It is marketed under the brand name Adempas. Pharmacologically, riociguat belongs to the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator class, commonly abbreviated as sGC stimulators. Pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which pressure within the pulmonary arterial circulation becomes abnormally high. This increases … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Romosozumab

Mechanism of Action of Romosozumab

Introduction Romosozumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of fracture. It is marketed under the brand name Evenity. Pharmacologically, romosozumab belongs to the sclerostin inhibitor class and is considered an anabolic bone-forming therapy with an additional antiresorptive effect. Osteoporosis is characterized by … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Atogepant

Mechanism of Action of Atogepant

Introduction Atogepant is an oral migraine-preventive drug that belongs to the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist class. Drugs in this class are commonly called gepants. Atogepant is marketed under the brand name Qulipta in the United States and Aquipta in some other regions. Atogepant is used for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. It … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Selinexor

Mechanism of Action of Selinexor

Introduction Selinexor is an oral targeted anticancer drug belonging to the class of selective inhibitors of nuclear export, commonly called SINE compounds. It is marketed under the brand name Xpovio and is mainly used in selected patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Current prescribing information lists selinexor as a nuclear export inhibitor indicated in … Read more

Mechanism of Action of Promacta

Mechanism of Action of Promacta

Introduction Promacta is the brand name of eltrombopag, an orally active thrombopoietin receptor agonist used to increase platelet production in selected patients with thrombocytopenia. It is especially important in conditions where platelet counts are low enough to increase bleeding risk. Promacta is used in persistent or chronic immune thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenia associated with chronic hepatitis C … Read more

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