Pediatric Chest X-ray – Pneumonia MCQ Quiz | Radiology

1. What is the most common radiographic pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia in children?

2. The “silhouette sign” is useful in localizing pneumonia. If the right heart border is obscured on a PA chest X-ray of a child, which lobe is most likely affected?

3. Which finding on a pediatric chest X-ray is most characteristic of viral pneumonia, such as that caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)?

4. An air bronchogram is a radiographic sign that indicates:

5. In a neonate with pneumonia, which radiographic pattern is most commonly seen?

6. A “round pneumonia” is a well-circumscribed, spherical opacity seen on a chest X-ray. This finding is most common in which age group?

7. What is the significance of the “sail sign” seen on an infant’s chest X-ray?

8. On an upright chest X-ray, a small pleural effusion will typically first appear as:

9. Which organism is classically associated with the formation of pneumatoceles following pneumonia in children?

10. A lateral chest X-ray is particularly useful for evaluating which of the following?

11. A 5-year-old child’s chest X-ray shows diffuse reticular and interstitial infiltrates, predominantly in the lower lobes. Which pathogen is most likely?

12. What is the primary reason for obtaining a follow-up chest X-ray after successful treatment of uncomplicated bacterial pneumonia in an otherwise healthy child?

13. The term “bronchopneumonia” radiographically describes:

14. A decubitus view chest X-ray is most sensitive for detecting:

15. A “spine sign” on a lateral chest X-ray of a child refers to:

16. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of viral pneumonia on a pediatric chest X-ray?

17. Aspiration pneumonia in a toddler who aspirates while lying on their back most commonly affects which lung segments?

18. Hilar lymphadenopathy as a prominent feature of pneumonia in a child should raise suspicion for which organism?

19. What does “peribronchial cuffing” or “thickening” seen on a chest X-ray represent pathologically?

20. A chest X-ray shows a dense consolidation in the right upper lobe with a bulging inferior fissure (“bulging fissure sign”). This finding is classically associated with pneumonia caused by:

21. In an infant between 1 to 6 months of age with afebrile pneumonia, hyperinflation, and bilateral interstitial infiltrates, which pathogen should be strongly considered?

22. What is the primary limitation of a portable anteroposterior (AP) chest X-ray compared to a standard posteroanterior (PA) view in a child?

23. An empyema is differentiated from a simple parapneumonic effusion by the presence of:

24. A child’s chest X-ray reveals a “white-out” of the left hemithorax with a mediastinal shift *towards* the left. What is the most likely diagnosis?

25. Which radiographic finding is LEAST likely to be associated with typical bacterial pneumonia in a school-aged child?