Mechanism of Action of Azathioprine
Introduction Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug primarily used in organ transplantation, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases … Read more
Harsh Singh Rajput
Mechanism of Action of Atenolol
Introduction Atenolol is a selective β₁-adrenergic receptor blocker (β-blocker) primarily used in the management of hypertension, angina pectoris, … Read more
Mechanism of Action of Aspirin as an Antiplatelet Drug
Introduction Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid, ASA) is the most widely used antiplatelet agent in clinical medicine. Its antiplatelet mechanism … Read more
Mechanism of Action of ARNI (Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor)
Introduction ARNI (Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor) represents a major advancement in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection … Read more
Mechanism of Action of Antiviral Drugs
Introduction Antiviral drugs are pharmacological agents that inhibit the replication of viruses within host cells. Unlike antibacterial drugs, … Read more
Mechanism of Action of Antiplatelet Drugs
Introduction Antiplatelet drugs are pharmacological agents that inhibit platelet aggregation, thereby preventing arterial thrombosis — a key contributor … Read more
Mechanism of Action of Antihypertensive Drugs
Introduction Antihypertensive drugs are pharmacological agents used to lower elevated blood pressure and prevent complications such as stroke, … Read more
Mechanism of Action of Antihistamine Drugs
Introduction Antihistamines are pharmacological agents that counteract the effects of histamine, a biogenic amine released during allergic and … Read more
Ester (Functional Group) Chemical Structure
1. Identification Summary Ester denotes the carboxylate ester functional group with general formula R–C(=O)–OR′ (R, R′ = carbon … Read more
Aldehyde Chemical Structure
1. Identification Summary Aldehyde is a carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon is bonded to one … Read more