Types of tissues MCQs With Answer is a focused resource tailored for B. Pharm students preparing for anatomy and histology exams. This introduction covers essential tissue types—epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous—while emphasizing structural features, functions, extracellular matrix components, cell junctions, and clinical relevance. With clear, keyword-rich explanations for terms like tissue types, histology, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue, students will strengthen recall and application. Designed to boost exam readiness and pharmacology context awareness, the content links microscopic structure to physiological roles and drug interactions. Now let’s test your knowledge with 50 MCQs on this topic.
Q1. Which tissue type primarily covers body surfaces and lines cavities?
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Nervous tissue
Correct Answer: Epithelial tissue
Q2. Which epithelial arrangement describes a single layer of flat cells specialized for diffusion?
- Simple cuboidal epithelium
- Simple squamous epithelium
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Correct Answer: Simple squamous epithelium
Q3. Which junction type creates a barrier to paracellular transport between epithelial cells?
- Desmosomes
- Tight junctions (zonula occludens)
- Gap junctions
Correct Answer: Tight junctions (zonula occludens)
Q4. What is the primary cell type responsible for producing collagen in connective tissue?
- Osteoblast
- Chondrocyte
- Fibroblast
- Adipocyte
Correct Answer: Fibroblast
Q5. Which connective tissue fiber provides high tensile strength and is most abundant in dermis and tendons?
- Elastic fibers
- Reticular fibers
- Collagen fibers
- Glycosaminoglycans
Correct Answer: Collagen fibers
Q6. Which type of cartilage is found in intervertebral discs and has abundant type I collagen?
- Hyaline cartilage
- Elastic cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
- Articular cartilage
Correct Answer: Fibrocartilage
Q7. Which bone cell is primarily responsible for bone resorption?
- Osteocyte
- Osteoblast
- Osteoclast
- Chondroblast
Correct Answer: Osteoclast
Q8. Which muscle tissue type is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow organs?
- Skeletal muscle
- Cardiac muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Striated muscle
Correct Answer: Smooth muscle
Q9. Which structural unit defines skeletal muscle contraction organization?
- Myofibril
- Sarcomere
- Myofilament
- Motor unit
Correct Answer: Sarcomere
Q10. Which nervous tissue cell conducts electrical impulses?
- Astrocyte
- Microglia
- Neuron
- Oligodendrocyte
Correct Answer: Neuron
Q11. Which component of the extracellular matrix provides compressive resistance and is highly hydrated?
- Collagen
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans
- Elastin
- Integrin
Correct Answer: Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans
Q12. Which epithelial specialization increases surface area for absorption in the intestine?
- Cilia
- Microvilli
- Keratin
- Basal infoldings
Correct Answer: Microvilli
Q13. Which gland type secretes products directly into the bloodstream?
- Exocrine gland
- Endocrine gland
- Holocrine gland
- Apocrine gland
Correct Answer: Endocrine gland
Q14. Which layer of the basement membrane is directly adjacent to the epithelial cell?
- Reticular lamina
- Lamina densa
- Lamina lucida (lamina rara)
- Basal stratum
Correct Answer: Lamina lucida (lamina rara)
Q15. Which collagen type is the main component of bone matrix?
- Type II collagen
- Type I collagen
- Type IV collagen
- Type III collagen
Correct Answer: Type I collagen
Q16. Which staining method is most commonly used for general tissue histology?
- Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)
- Masson’s trichrome
- Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
- Immunohistochemistry
Correct Answer: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
Q17. Which cell junction provides strong adhesion by linking intermediate filaments between cells?
- Tight junction
- Adherens junction
- Desmosome
- Gap junction
Correct Answer: Desmosome
Q18. Which tissue has the greatest capacity for regeneration due to abundant stem cells and high turnover?
- Cardiac muscle
- Nervous tissue
- Epithelial tissue (e.g., intestinal epithelium)
- Cartilage
Correct Answer: Epithelial tissue (e.g., intestinal epithelium)
Q19. Which connective tissue type stores energy and provides thermal insulation?
- Dense regular connective tissue
- Adipose tissue
- Reticular connective tissue
- Hyaline cartilage
Correct Answer: Adipose tissue
Q20. Which fiber type forms a delicate supportive network in lymphoid organs?
- Collagen type I fibers
- Elastic fibers
- Reticular fibers (type III collagen)
- Glycosaminoglycans
Correct Answer: Reticular fibers (type III collagen)
Q21. Which epithelial cell type lines the respiratory tract and often bears motile cilia?
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Simple cuboidal epithelium
- Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia
- Transitional epithelium
Correct Answer: Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia
Q22. Which molecule anchors epithelial cells to the basement membrane and mediates cell-matrix adhesion?
- Desmoglein
- Fibronectin and integrins
- Cadherin
- Connexin
Correct Answer: Fibronectin and integrins
Q23. Which cartilage type contains abundant elastin fibers and is found in the external ear?
- Hyaline cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic cartilage
- Sclerotic cartilage
Correct Answer: Elastic cartilage
Q24. Which white blood cell is the first responder in acute inflammation and important in phagocytosis?
- Lymphocyte
- Neutrophil
- Eosinophil
- Monocyte
Correct Answer: Neutrophil
Q25. Which junction permits electrical and metabolic coupling between cardiac myocytes?
- Tight junction
- Desmosome
- Gap junction
- Adherens junction
Correct Answer: Gap junction
Q26. Which term describes epithelium that changes shape when stretched, as in the urinary bladder?
- Keratinized epithelium
- Transitional (urothelium)
- Stratified cuboidal epithelium
- Pseudostratified epithelium
Correct Answer: Transitional (urothelium)
Q27. Which extracellular matrix glycoprotein is critical for wound healing and cell adhesion?
- Collagen type II
- Elastin
- Fibronectin
- Keratin
Correct Answer: Fibronectin
Q28. Which muscle filament protein binds calcium and initiates contraction in skeletal muscle?
- Myosin
- Actin
- Troponin
- Titin
Correct Answer: Troponin
Q29. Which cell type synthesizes cartilage matrix during development?
- Chondrocyte
- Chondroblast
- Osteocyte
- Fibroblast
Correct Answer: Chondroblast
Q30. Which tissue response involves replacement of injured tissue with scar tissue dominated by collagen?
- Regeneration
- Hyperplasia
- Repair (fibrosis)
- Metaplasia
Correct Answer: Repair (fibrosis)
Q31. Which specialized connective tissue cell stores lipids and secretes adipokines?
- Osteoclast
- Adipocyte
- Macrophage
- Chondrocyte
Correct Answer: Adipocyte
Q32. Which cellular organelle is prominent in secretory epithelial cells and synthesizes proteins for export?
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondrion
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Lysosome
Correct Answer: Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Q33. Which connective tissue classification has densely packed collagen fibers arranged in parallel?
- Loose (areolar) connective tissue
- Dense irregular connective tissue
- Dense regular connective tissue
- Reticular connective tissue
Correct Answer: Dense regular connective tissue
Q34. Which cell junction contains cadherins and links actin cytoskeletons between adjacent epithelial cells?
- Desmosome
- Tight junction
- Adherens junction (zonula adherens)
- Gap junction
Correct Answer: Adherens junction (zonula adherens)
Q35. Which blood component is derived from megakaryocytes and essential for hemostasis?
- Red blood cells
- Platelets
- Neutrophils
- Lymphocytes
Correct Answer: Platelets
Q36. Which nervous system glial cell forms myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
- Oligodendrocyte
- Astrocyte
- Schwann cell
- Microglia
Correct Answer: Schwann cell
Q37. Which epithelium lines renal tubules and is adapted for secretion and absorption?
- Simple squamous epithelium
- Simple cuboidal epithelium
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Correct Answer: Simple cuboidal epithelium
Q38. Which protein-rich filament network provides structural support in the cytoplasm and nucleus?
- Microtubules only
- Intermediate filaments
- Actin filaments only
- Myosin filaments
Correct Answer: Intermediate filaments
Q39. Which cell type in connective tissue is primarily involved in antigen presentation and initiating immune responses?
- Fibroblast
- Macrophage / dendritic cell
- Adipocyte
- Chondrocyte
Correct Answer: Macrophage / dendritic cell
Q40. Which tissue type would show intercalated discs on microscopic examination?
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle
- Nervous tissue
Correct Answer: Cardiac muscle
Q41. Which substance produced by goblet cells protects mucosal surfaces by trapping particles?
- Keratin
- Mucin
- Collagen
- Elastin
Correct Answer: Mucin
Q42. Which process involves conversion of one mature cell type to another often due to chronic irritation?
- Hyperplasia
- Dysplasia
- Metaplasia
- Neoplasia
Correct Answer: Metaplasia
Q43. Which enzyme secreted by osteoclasts helps dissolve bone mineral during resorption?
- Alkaline phosphatase
- Cathepsin K and acid phosphatase
- Collagenase only
- Hyaluronidase
Correct Answer: Cathepsin K and acid phosphatase
Q44. Which cell type predominates in chronic inflammation and is important for antigen-specific immune responses?
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Lymphocytes
- Basophils
Correct Answer: Lymphocytes
Q45. Which connective tissue is characterized by abundant ground substance, few fibers, and many cells, providing cushioning and diffusion?
- Dense regular connective tissue
- Loose (areolar) connective tissue
- Reticular connective tissue
- Adipose tissue
Correct Answer: Loose (areolar) connective tissue
Q46. Which type of epithelial secretion releases entire cell contents as the secretory product?
- Merocrine secretion
- Apocrine secretion
- Holocrine secretion
- Endocrine secretion
Correct Answer: Holocrine secretion
Q47. Which connective tissue cell is the mature form embedded in bone matrix and acts as a mechanosensor?
- Osteoblast
- Osteocyte
- Osteoclast
- Chondrocyte
Correct Answer: Osteocyte
Q48. Which structure in epithelial cells is rich in mitochondria and increases basal surface area for ion transport?
- Apical microvilli
- Basal infoldings
- Cilia
- Tight junctions
Correct Answer: Basal infoldings
Q49. Which muscle protein forms the thick filaments and has ATPase activity essential for contraction?
- Tropomyosin
- Actin
- Myosin
- Troponin
Correct Answer: Myosin
Q50. Which tissue alteration involves an increase in cell number and commonly occurs in response to hormonal stimulation?
- Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
- Atrophy
- Apoptosis
Correct Answer: Hyperplasia
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