MCQ with answer of unit-1 of Microbiology 3rd semester B.Pharmacy.
1. Microorganisms which grow in absence of oxygen are called:
(a) Aerobic
(b) Microscopic
(c) Anaerobic
(d) None of the above
Answer:- (c) Anaerobic
2. The process of sterilization is used in dairy industry is:
(a) Pasteurization
(b) Tyndallization
(c) Fermentation
(d) Segregation
Answer:- (a) Pasteurization
3. The act of weakening the pathogenic property of any pathogenic microorganism is known as:
(a) Vaccination
(b) Tyndallization
(c) Sterilization
(d) Attenuation
Answer:- (d) Attenuation
4. In the process of autoclaving:
(a) Only vegetative cell gets killed
(b) Spore & vegetative cell gets killed
(c) Spores get killed only
(d) Nucleus of the cell gets killed
Answer:- (b) Spore & vegetative cell gets killed
5. The anaerobic conversion of sugar into alcohol by microorganisms is known as:
(a) Sterilization
(b) Pasteurization
(c) Fermentation
(d) Sanitization
Answer:- (c) Fermentation
6. The term vaccine was given by:
(a) R. Koch
(b) E. Jenner
(c) L. Pasteur
(d) Flaming
Answer:- (b) E. Jenner
7. Swan neck experiment to disapprove spontaneous generation theory was performed by:
(a) L. Pasteur
(b) R. Koch
(c) Loeffler
(d) Needham
Answer:- (a) L. Pasteur
8. Agar as a solidifying agent was first time used by:
(a) L.Pasteur
(b) Fleming
(c) R.koch
(d) Leeuwenhoek
Answer:- (c) R.koch
9. Penicillin was discovered by:
(a) R. Koch
(b) Landsteiner
(c) Fleming
(d) E. Jenner
Answer:- (c) Fleming
10. Paul Erich coined the term:
(a) Physiotherapy
(b) Hydrotherapy
(c) Chemotherapy
(d) All of the above
Answer:- (c) Chemotherapy
11. The fourth postulate of Koch postulate was appended by:
(a) E. Jenner
(b) Ruska
(c) L. Pasteur
(d) E.F. Smith
Answer:- (d) E.F. Smith
12. Which of the following scientist is known as Father of Antiseptic surgery?
(a) Reddi
(b) L. Pasteur
(c) Joseph Lister
(d) Leuwenhoek
Answer:- (c) Joseph Lister
13. Microorganism have diameter usually:
(a) Greater than 1mm
(b) Less than 0.1mm
(c) Less than 1mm
(d) Greater than 0.1mm
Answer:- (b) Less than 0.1mm
14. The theory which says microorganisms evolved on earth spontaneously is:
(a) Big bang theory
(b) Natural selection theory
(c) Theory of spontaneous generation
(d) Theory of probability
Answer:- (c) Theory of spontaneous generation
15. The term used for microorganisms by Leuwenhoek is:
(a) Germ
(b) Dierken
(d) Both b & c
(c) Microbe
Answer:- (b) Dierken
16. The process of intermittent boiling/steaming at 100°C in three successive days for 30 minutes is known as:
(a) Sterilization
(b) Pasteurization
(c) Tyndallization
(d) Disinfection
Answer:- (c) Tyndallization
17. Which of the following scientist showed that malaria is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito?
(a) Ronald Ross
(b) Rous
(c) Yersin
(d) Fraenkel
Answer:- (a) Ronald Ross
18. Study of fungi is known as:
(a) Mycology
(b) parasitology
(c) Virology
(d) Bacteriology
Answer:- (a) Mycology
19. The microscope with focusing device was first time discovered by:
(a) Ruska
(b) Bacon
(c) Faber
(d) Galileo Galilei
Answer:- (d) Galileo Galilei
20. Which of the following scientist is known as father of modern microbiology?
(a) Ruska
(b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Loffler
(d) Hansen
Answer:- (d) Galileo Galilei
21. Which of the following is a smallest bacterium?
(a) N.gonorrhoea
(b) M. Tuberculosis
(c) Mycoplasma
(d) Vibrio chlolerae
Answer:- (c) Mycoplasma
22. Palisade arrangement of cells is present in:
(a) M.leprae
(b) C.diphtherae
(c) S.aureus
(d) N.gonorrhoea
Answer:- (b) C.diphtherae
23. The organs of locomotion in bacteria are:
(a) Flagella
(b) Pili
(c) Pseudopods
(d) Both b & c
Answer:- (a) Flagella
24. F.pili or sex pili in bacteria help in:
(a) Binary fission
(c) Locomotion
(b) Respiration
(d) Conjugation
Answer:- (d) Conjugation
25. Capsules are:
(a) Antiphagocytic
(b) Anti-bacteriophagic
(c) Anti toxic
(d) Both a & b
Answer:- (d) Both a & b
26. The backbone of cell wall in prokaryotes is:
(a) Lipopolysaccharide
(b) Polypeptide
(c) Murein
(d) Protein
Answer:- (c) Murein
27. The Glycan portion of peptidoglycan consists of alternating units of:
(a) NAG & NAM
(b) NAG & ATP
(c) ADP & NAM
(d) Both b & c
Answer:- (a) NAG & NAM
28. The surface antigens present in cell wall of Gram +ve bacteria are:
(a) LPS
(b) Teichoic acids
(c) Lipoproteins
(d) Glycoproteins
Answer:- (b) Teichoic acids
29. Outer membrane is present in cell wall of:
(a) Gram +ve bacteria
(b) Both Gram -ve & Gram +ve bacteria
(c) Only Gram +ve bacteria
(d) Only Gram -ve bacteria
Answer:- (d) Only Gram -ve bacteria
30. The endotoxin present in cell wall of Gram -ve bacteria is:
(a) Polypeptide
(b) Mucopolysaccharide
(c) Lipopolysaccharide
(d) Glycolipid
Answer:- (c) Lipopolysaccharide
31. Membrane invagination in Gram +ve bacteria is called:
(a) Golgi bodies
(b) Ribosomes
(c) ER
(d) Mesosomes
Answer:- (d) Mesosomes
32. The alternative name of nucleoid is:
(a) Nuclear equivalent
(b) Bacterial chromosome
(c) Chromatin body
(d) All the above
Answer:- (d) All the above
33. The DNA present in bacteria is:
(a) Single & circular
(b) Single & linear
(c) Double & circular
(d) Double & linear
Answer:- (a) Single & circular
34. The extrachromosomal piece of DNA in bacteria is:
(a) Mesosome
(b) Plasmid
(c) Plastid
(d) Nucleoid
Answer:- (b) Plasmid
35. Endospores are rich in:
(a) DPA + Ca
(b) DPA + Fe
(c) DPA + Mg
(d) DPA + Cu
Answer:- (a) DPA + Ca
36. A culture by which no fresh nutrients are added & the end products accumulate without their removal is;
(a) Continuous culture
(b) Enhanced culture
(c) Stock culture
(d) Batch culture
Answer:- (d) Batch culture
37. The phase of maximum multiplication resulting in increased population of bacteria with reduced generation time is:
(a) Lag phase
(b) Decline phase
(c) Log phase
(d) Stationary phase
Answer:- (c) Log phase
38. In stationary growth phase the growth rate is:
(a) Equal to death rate
(b) Exceeds death rate
(c) Lower than death rate
(d) None of the above
Answer:- (a) Equal to death rate
39. Bacteria growing best in an atmosphere of 5-10% Co2 are called:
(a) Capnophilic
(b) Mesophilic
(c) Aerophilic
(d) Anaerobic
Answer:- (a) Capnophilic
40. The bacteria which prefer low temperature (0-22ºC) for growth are known as:
(a) Thermophilic
(b) Thermodeuric
(c) Mesophilic
(d) Psychophilic
Answer:- (d) Psychophilic
41. The bacteria which are pathogenic to man & animals are mostly:
(a) Psychrophilic
(b) Thermophilic
(c) Mesophilic
(d) Both b & c
Answer:- (c) Mesophilic
42. Blood agar medium is:
(a) Selective medium
(b) Differential medial
(c) Selective differential medium
(d) All the above
Answer:- (d) All the above
43. Which of the following is not a selective medium?
(a) Nutrient agar medium
(b) Lowenstein Jensen medium
(c) Blood agar medium
(d) Thayer Martin medium
Answer:- (a) Nutrient agar medium
44. Selenite F broth is:
(a) Differential medium
(b) Selective medium
(c) Both a & b
(d) Enrichment medium
Answer:- (d) Enrichment medium
45. VenkataRaman Rama Krishna medium is:
(a) Selective medium
(b) Transport medium
(c) Differential medium
(d) None of the above
Answer:- (b) Transport medium
46. Which of the following methods are used for obtaining pure culture of microorganisms?
(a) Streak plate method.
(b) Pour plate method
(c) Spread plate method
(d) All the above
Answer:- (d) All the above
47. Which of the following methods of isolation of pure cultures was developed by Loeffler & Gaffkey?
(a) Streak plate method
(b) Serial dilution method
(c) Pour plate method
(d) Spread plate method
Answer:- (a) Streak plate method
48. The method of streaking in which there is no overlapping of streaking zones and the loop is sterilized only once in the beginning and at the end is:
(a) Discontinuous method
(b) Continuous method
(c) Consistent method
(d) None of the above
Answer:- (b) Continuous method
49. Streaking method in which streaking is discontinuous & the loop is sterilized between streaking:
(a) Inconsistent method
(b) Continuous method
(c) Discontinuous method
(d) None of the above
Answer:- (c) Discontinuous method
50. Roll tube method of isolation is mostly used for isolation of:
(a) Canophiles
(b) Obligate anaerobes
(c) Aerobes
(d) Obligate aerobes
Answer:- (b) Obligate anaerobes
51. Stab culture is also known as:
(a) Stick cultures
(b) Pick cultures
(c) Slant cultures
(d) Both b & c
Answer:- (a) Stick cultures
52. The method of preservation of culture in which culture is rapidly frozen at a very low temperature -70 °C and then dehydrated by vacuum is:
(a) Paraffination
(b) Cryopreservation
(c) Micromanipulation
(d) Lyophilization
Answer:- (d) Lyophilization
53. Cryopreservation is:
(a) Storage in liquid nitrogen
(b) Storage in nitrogen gas
(c) Storage in liquid hydrogen
(d) Storage in paraffin
Answer:- (a) Storage in liquid nitrogen
54. Which of the following is used as stabilizing agent in cryopreservation?
(a) Glycerol
(b) Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO).
(c) Both a & b
(d) Phenol
Answer:- (c) Both a & b
55. Which of the following method based on hydrogen generation in jar is most reliable and widely used for anaerobic culture?
(a) Candle jar method
(b) McIntosh & Filde’s anaerobic
(c) Gas pack
(d) Pyrogallol method
Answer:- (b) McIntosh & Filde’s anaerobic
56. One of the most common methods of producing an anaerobic environment for microbes by introducing a reducing agent sodium thioglycollate into the liquid medium is:
(a) Candle jar method
(b) McIntosh & Filde’s anaerobic jar
(c) Thioglycollate broth method
(d) Pyrogallol method
Answer:- (c) Thioglycollate broth method
57. Total count indicating the total number of microbial cell in any given suspension can be determined by which of the following methods?
(a) Breed method
(b) Counting chamber method
(c) Proportional count method
(d) All the above
Answer:- (d) All the above
58. An electronic instrument can be used for the direct enumeration of cells in a suspension:
(a) Coulter counter
(b) Weils counter
(c) Quebec colony counter
(d) None of the above
Answer:- (a) Coulter counter
59. Type of microscopy useful for the examination of unstained micro-organisms suspended in fluid is:
(a)Electron microscope
(b) Fluorescent microscope
(c) Dark-field microscope
(d) Compound microscope
Answer:- (c) Dark-field microscope
60. Electron microscope was first developed by:
(a) Knoll & Ruska
(b) Glalio Glalie
(c) Louis Pasteur
(d) Antony van Leunhoek
Answer:- (a) Knoll & Ruska
61. A microscope which utilizes a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination for observing objects at a greater magnification is:
(a) Electron microscope
(b) Fluorescent microscope
(c) Dark-field microscope
(d) Compound microscope
Answer:- (a) Electron microscope
62. An electron microscope which forms images using electrons that are transmitted through a specimen:
(a) Transmission Electron microscope
(b) Fluorescent microscope
(c) Dark-field microscope
(d) Scanning electron microscope
Answer:- (a) Transmission Electron microscope
63. An electron microscope that utilize electrons that have bounced off the surface of the specimen:
(a) Transmission Electron microscope
(b) Fluorescent microscope
(c) Dark-field microscope
(d) Scanning electron microscope
Answer:- (d) Scanning electron microscope
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