Acetomenadione MCQs With Answer is a focused review resource for B. Pharm students covering acetomenadione — a naphthoquinone derivative related to menadione (vitamin K analog). This introduction and question set explores chemical classification, physicochemical properties, redox behavior, pharmacological relevance, toxicity risks (including G6PD-associated hemolysis), formulation and stability concerns, analytical methods (HPLC, UV), and clinical implications such as warfarin interactions. Questions emphasize mechanism-of-action concepts, quality control parameters, and safe handling/storage in pharmacy practice. Designed for exam prep and concept reinforcement, the MCQs promote deeper understanding of both fundamental chemistry and applied pharmaceutical aspects. Now let’s test your knowledge with 30 MCQs on this topic.
Q1. Which chemical class best describes acetomenadione?
- Alkaloid
- 1,4-Naphthoquinone derivative
- Carbohydrate
- Steroid
Correct Answer: 1,4-Naphthoquinone derivative
Q2. Acetomenadione is most closely related to which vitamin analogue?
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin K (menadione-like)
- Vitamin D
Correct Answer: Vitamin K (menadione-like)
Q3. Which functional property of acetomenadione contributes to oxidative stress in cells?
- Strong chelating ability for calcium
- Redox cycling of the quinone moiety
- Covalent binding to DNA
- Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
Correct Answer: Redox cycling of the quinone moiety
Q4. Which adverse effect is classically associated with menadione-type compounds and relevant for acetomenadione?
- Nephrotoxicity through crystal deposition
- Hemolytic anemia in G6PD-deficient patients
- Ototoxicity leading to hearing loss
- Severe hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: Hemolytic anemia in G6PD-deficient patients
Q5. Which laboratory technique is most commonly used for quantitative determination of acetomenadione in formulations?
- HPLC with UV detection
- Flame photometry
- Gel electrophoresis
- Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Correct Answer: HPLC with UV detection
Q6. Acetomenadione is expected to be soluble predominantly in which type of solvent?
- Water
- Polar protic solvents only
- Organic solvents like ethanol or chloroform
- Supercritical CO2 exclusively
Correct Answer: Organic solvents like ethanol or chloroform
Q7. Which pharmacological process is vitamin K analogues, including menadione-like compounds, primarily involved in?
- Gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in clotting factors
- Inhibition of monoamine oxidase
- Activation of beta-adrenergic receptors
- Blockade of calcium channels in cardiac tissue
Correct Answer: Gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in clotting factors
Q8. Which drug interaction is most relevant when considering acetomenadione and anticoagulant therapy?
- Synergistic bleeding risk with aspirin only
- Antagonism of warfarin effect by vitamin K analogues
- Increased INR when combined with digoxin
- Complete inactivation by proton pump inhibitors
Correct Answer: Antagonism of warfarin effect by vitamin K analogues
Q9. Which quality control parameter is essential for acetomenadione raw material testing?
- Particle size distribution only
- Assay of active content and purity by HPLC
- pH of aqueous solution exclusively
- Moisture content without assay
Correct Answer: Assay of active content and purity by HPLC
Q10. Photodegradation risk for acetomenadione suggests which primary storage recommendation?
- Store in clear glass under bright light
- Store in amber containers protected from light
- Freeze at −80°C in open vials
- Keep on a sunny windowsill for stabilization
Correct Answer: Store in amber containers protected from light
Q11. Which analytical property would you expect for acetomenadione when scanned by UV-Vis spectroscopy?
- No absorbance in UV range
- Characteristic absorbance due to conjugated quinone system
- Only infrared peaks, no UV bands
- Only fluorescence, no absorbance
Correct Answer: Characteristic absorbance due to conjugated quinone system
Q12. In formulation development, a challenge for acetomenadione is:
- Excessive water solubility causing rapid elimination
- Poor aqueous solubility and susceptibility to oxidation
- High melting point making tableting impossible
- Strong odor preventing use in oral products
Correct Answer: Poor aqueous solubility and susceptibility to oxidation
Q13. Which excipient strategy can improve solubility of lipophilic acetomenadione in oral formulations?
- Use of surfactants or lipid-based delivery systems
- Adding large amounts of sodium chloride
- Formulating as a simple aqueous syrup without solubilizers
- Including only inorganic fillers
Correct Answer: Use of surfactants or lipid-based delivery systems
Q14. Which preformulation test is most pertinent to assess acetomenadione chemical stability?
- Hygroscopicity test only
- Forced degradation (stress) studies under light, heat, and oxidative conditions
- Tablet friability immediately
- Microbial limit tests exclusively
Correct Answer: Forced degradation (stress) studies under light, heat, and oxidative conditions
Q15. Which metabolic risk is associated with quinone compounds like acetomenadione?
- Extensive glucuronidation producing no reactive species
- Formation of reactive oxygen species and potential glutathione depletion
- Complete renal excretion unchanged
- Transformation into stable inert polymers
Correct Answer: Formation of reactive oxygen species and potential glutathione depletion
Q16. For monitoring possible pharmacodynamic interaction when acetomenadione is given with warfarin, which test is appropriate?
- Serum creatinine only
- Prothrombin time/INR
- ECG monitoring continuously
- Blood glucose measurement hourly
Correct Answer: Prothrombin time/INR
Q17. Which population should be specifically cautioned about acetomenadione use due to oxidative risk?
- Patients with iron-deficiency anemia only
- Individuals with G6PD deficiency
- Those with controlled hypertension exclusively
- Patients taking insulin only
Correct Answer: Individuals with G6PD deficiency
Q18. Which of the following best describes the regulatory status commonly associated with menadione-type compounds in some regions?
- Universally approved as first-line oral vitamin K
- Restricted or not recommended for nutritional supplementation due to safety concerns
- Approved for use as an inhaled bronchodilator
- Classified as an essential amino acid
Correct Answer: Restricted or not recommended for nutritional supplementation due to safety concerns
Q19. Which chromatographic method would be most suitable for separating acetomenadione from related impurities?
- Paper chromatography with water mobile phase
- Reverse-phase HPLC with an appropriate organic/aqueous gradient
- Thin-layer chromatography without solvent
- Size-exclusion chromatography for small molecule impurities
Correct Answer: Reverse-phase HPLC with an appropriate organic/aqueous gradient
Q20. When designing a stability-indicating method for acetomenadione, what must the method demonstrate?
- Only the dissolution rate
- Specificity to separate acetomenadione from degradation products
- Color change on storage as sole evidence
- Only melting point determination
Correct Answer: Specificity to separate acetomenadione from degradation products
Q21. Which antioxidant excipient might be added to a formulation to protect acetomenadione from oxidation?
- Sodium lauryl sulfate
- BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) or alpha-tocopherol
- Sucrose only
- Calcium carbonate
Correct Answer: BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) or alpha-tocopherol
Q22. Which technique is useful to confirm the chemical structure and identify functional groups in acetomenadione?
- Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy
- Hematology analyzer readings
- pH meter alone
- Polarimetry exclusively
Correct Answer: Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy
Q23. In toxicology, why are in vitro assays of glutathione depletion relevant for acetomenadione?
- They assess microbial contamination only
- They indicate propensity to cause oxidative cell injury
- They measure taste masking effectiveness
- They determine tablet hardness
Correct Answer: They indicate propensity to cause oxidative cell injury
Q24. Which storage temperature condition is generally advisable to minimize degradation of acetomenadione?
- Room temperature in bright light
- Cool, controlled room temperature away from heat and light
- High humidity and high temperature
- Repeated freeze–thaw cycles
Correct Answer: Cool, controlled room temperature away from heat and light
Q25. Which formulation route could reduce systemic exposure and oxidative risk for local use of an acetomenadione-like compound?
- Parenteral bolus injection
- Topical formulation with localized delivery
- High-dose oral immediate-release tablets
- Repeated inhalation aerosols for systemic absorption
Correct Answer: Topical formulation with localized delivery
Q26. During synthesis route selection for acetomenadione analogs, what is a critical green chemistry consideration?
- Maximizing hazardous solvent use for speed
- Minimizing waste and using less toxic reagents where possible
- Using heavy metals indiscriminately
- Discarding by-products without treatment
Correct Answer: Minimizing waste and using less toxic reagents where possible
Q27. Which spectroscopic change would indicate oxidation of acetomenadione during forced degradation?
- No change in any spectra
- Appearance of new peaks corresponding to quinone-derived degradation products
- Loss of all mass spectrometric signal
- Conversion to elemental carbon visualized by UV
Correct Answer: Appearance of new peaks corresponding to quinone-derived degradation products
Q28. For safe laboratory handling, which precaution is most appropriate for acetomenadione?
- No precautions needed beyond normal handling
- Use of gloves, eye protection, and work in a fume hood to avoid inhalation and skin exposure
- Handling barefoot to reduce static
- Heating in open flame for sterilization
Correct Answer: Use of gloves, eye protection, and work in a fume hood to avoid inhalation and skin exposure
Q29. Which pharmacokinetic property is generally anticipated for a lipophilic quinone like acetomenadione?
- Rapid renal elimination as unchanged polar metabolite only
- High tissue distribution and potential hepatic metabolism
- Complete absorption without first-pass effect
- Exclusive distribution in extracellular fluid
Correct Answer: High tissue distribution and potential hepatic metabolism
Q30. Which educational focus is most important for B. Pharm students studying acetomenadione?
- Memorizing vendor catalog numbers only
- Understanding chemical behavior, safety, analytical methods, and clinical implications
- Studying unrelated vitamins exclusively
- Learning to synthesize explosives
Correct Answer: Understanding chemical behavior, safety, analytical methods, and clinical implications
I am a Registered Pharmacist under the Pharmacy Act, 1948, and the founder of PharmacyFreak.com. I hold a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree from Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Science and Research. With a strong academic foundation and practical knowledge, I am committed to providing accurate, easy-to-understand content to support pharmacy students and professionals. My aim is to make complex pharmaceutical concepts accessible and useful for real-world application.
Mail- Sachin@pharmacyfreak.com