Titration Calculator

Introduction

Titration determines an unknown concentration or the volume required to reach equivalence by reacting a solution of known concentration with an analyte. At equivalence, the stoichiometric amount of titrant has reacted with the analyte according to the balanced reaction. Correctly setting the stoichiometric ratio (ν_t:ν_a) is critical: polyprotic acids, dibasic bases, and many redox systems consume more than one equivalent per molecule. For redox titrations, an optional n-electron change can be supplied to define the effective equivalents automatically.

Use “Find unknown concentration” when titrant concentration and delivered volume are known and you need C_a. Use “Find equivalence volume” when both concentrations are known and you want the endpoint volume of titrant. Precision can be displayed at three or six significant figures, and very small values switch to scientific notation to remain readable. If you enter an observed titrant volume, the badge indicates whether the system is under-titrated, at equivalence, or over-titrated, providing a quick sanity check on technique and calculations.

How to use

1. Choose a mode and select Acid–Base or Redox.
2. Enter the known values and the stoichiometric ratio (or n-electrons for redox).
3. Pick the precision and select Calculate.
4. Review the primary result and the moles check for titrant and analyte.

Formula notes

n_t = C_t·V_t(L);   n_a = C_a·V_a(L).   Equivalence: n_t/ν_t = n_a/ν_a.
Solve C_a: C_a = (C_t·V_t·ν_a)/(V_a·ν_t).   Solve V_t: V_t = (C_a·V_a·ν_t)/(C_t·ν_a).   Conversion: mL → L = ÷1000.

Disclaimer. Educational use only. Not a substitute for professional judgment.