1. Thrombolytic agents primarily exert their effect by directly activating which of the following zymogens?
2. Which of the following thrombolytic agents is a recombinant form of human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)?
3. The most critical and life-threatening adverse effect associated with thrombolytic therapy is:
4. Which thrombolytic agent is well-known for its antigenicity, potentially leading to allergic reactions and reduced efficacy on subsequent use?
5. Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for the administration of thrombolytic therapy?
6. The concept of “fibrin specificity” in thrombolytics refers to the agent’s preferential activation of:
7. Which thrombolytic is a genetically engineered variant of t-PA with a longer half-life, allowing for single bolus administration?
8. In a patient who develops severe bleeding after receiving alteplase, which agent can be administered as an antidote?
9. The standard therapeutic window for administering intravenous t-PA for acute ischemic stroke is typically within:
10. How does the mechanism of action of Streptokinase differ from that of Alteplase?
11. A “systemic lytic state,” characterized by depletion of circulating fibrinogen and other clotting factors, is more pronounced with:
12. Urokinase, a thrombolytic agent, is originally derived from:
13. Thrombolysis is indicated in a patient with pulmonary embolism (PE) primarily under which circumstance?
14. Thrombolytics are fundamentally different from anticoagulants (e.g., heparin) because they:
15. The primary indication for thrombolytic therapy in the context of myocardial infarction is:
16. Anistreplase is a complex formed between plasminogen and which other agent?
17. Which of the following patient factors most significantly increases the risk of intracranial hemorrhage with thrombolytic therapy?
18. The primary route of clearance for recombinant t-PAs like Alteplase and Tenecteplase is:
19. In the management of STEMI, primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is preferred over thrombolysis if it can be performed within what timeframe from first medical contact?
20. Which of the following is an antifibrinolytic agent, used to inhibit plasmin and stabilize clots?
21. Compared to Alteplase, a potential advantage of Reteplase is:
22. Which of these conditions is a relative, not absolute, contraindication to thrombolysis?
23. The enzyme that is ultimately responsible for degrading the fibrin meshwork of a clot is:
24. Hypotension during infusion of Streptokinase is most often due to:
25. Which thrombolytic agent has the highest fibrin specificity, theoretically reducing systemic fibrinolysis?
