Retinoblastoma & Other Ocular Neoplasms MCQ Quiz | Retina & Optic Nerve

1. A germline mutation in the RB1 gene is characteristic of which condition?

2. What is the most common presenting sign of retinoblastoma in children?

3. Which of the following histologic findings is considered pathognomonic for retinoblastoma?

4. The “two-hit” hypothesis, explaining the genetic mechanism of retinoblastoma, was proposed by:

5. The association of bilateral retinoblastoma with a midline intracranial neuroblastic tumor, typically in the pineal gland, is known as:

6. What is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults?

7. Uveal melanoma has the highest propensity to metastasize to which organ?

8. Which condition significantly increases the risk for developing uveal melanoma?

9. In the mnemonic “To Find Small Ocular Melanoma” (TFSOM) used to assess risk of a choroidal nevus transforming into melanoma, the ‘T’ stands for:

10. Optic nerve gliomas are most commonly associated with which systemic condition?

11. What is the most common primary orbital malignancy in childhood?

12. The characteristic “tram-track” sign on MRI or CT, showing thickening around the optic nerve, is highly suggestive of:

13. The majority of conjunctival melanomas arise from which precursor lesion?

14. A major risk factor for the development of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma is:

15. The most common primary cancer to metastasize to the eye in women is:

16. In men, the most common primary site of cancer that metastasizes to the eye is the:

17. For a large, unilateral retinoblastoma filling most of the globe with no potential for vision, the standard primary treatment is:

18. The use of systemic chemotherapy to shrink an intraocular tumor before applying focal treatments like cryotherapy or laser is termed:

19. Survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma have a significantly increased lifetime risk of developing a second primary malignancy, most commonly:

20. A retinocytoma is best described as:

21. A diffuse choroidal hemangioma, giving the fundus a “tomato-ketchup” appearance, is characteristic of which phakomatosis?

22. Retinal capillary hemangioblastoma, often presenting with large feeder and draining vessels, is a hallmark of:

23. The most common type of primary intraocular lymphoma is:

24. When performing an enucleation for retinoblastoma, it is critically important to obtain a long section of which structure to check for extraocular extension?

25. Which feature of a pigmented iris lesion is most suggestive of malignancy (iris melanoma)?