Focus Areas (Renal Block)

• Acute Kidney Injury: Pre renal, intrinsic and post renal causes, staging, urine indices and oliguria management.
• Chronic Kidney Disease: Uremic complications, anemia, bone mineral disease and indications for renal replacement therapy.
• Electrolyte Crises: Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, calcium and magnesium abnormalities in the ICU.
• Acid Base Disorders: Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis and mixed disorders in renal failure.
• Renal Replacement Therapy: Intermittent hemodialysis, CRRT, fluid removal targets and common complications.
• Drug and Contrast Nephrotoxicity: Prevention, dose adjustment and recognition of early kidney injury.