Pharmacist interventions MCQs With Answer

Introduction

This collection of MCQs on Pharmacist Interventions is designed specifically for M.Pharm students preparing for clinical pharmacy practice exams and practical assessments. The questions focus on core concepts such as types and goals of pharmacist interventions, documentation standards, medication reconciliation, therapeutic drug monitoring, tools for assessing adverse drug reactions, geriatric prescribing aids, antimicrobial stewardship, and economic and clinical outcome measures. Each question tests applied knowledge, critical thinking and real-world decision-making used by clinical pharmacists when intervening in medication therapy. Use these MCQs to evaluate strengths, identify learning gaps, and reinforce best practices in delivering pharmaceutical care and improving patient outcomes.

Q1. What is the most accurate definition of a pharmacist intervention in clinical practice?

• An unscheduled counseling session with a patient
• A proactive or reactive action by a pharmacist to change, modify or optimize medication therapy to improve patient outcomes
• A discharge prescription prepared by a pharmacy technician
• The process of dispensing medication according to a physician’s written order

Correct Answer: A proactive or reactive action by a pharmacist to change, modify or optimize medication therapy to improve patient outcomes

Q2. Which of the following is a primary goal of pharmacist interventions?

• To increase pharmacy revenue by dispensing branded products
• To delay laboratory monitoring to reduce workload
• To prevent adverse drug events and optimize therapeutic outcomes
• To replace prescribers in making all treatment decisions

Correct Answer: To prevent adverse drug events and optimize therapeutic outcomes

Q3. Cipolle, Strand and Morley categorize drug therapy problems into seven types. Which of the following is NOT one of their standard categories?

• Adverse drug reaction
• Need for additional therapy
• Therapeutic inertia
• Dosage too low

Correct Answer: Therapeutic inertia

Q4. Which validated algorithm is commonly used by pharmacists to assess causality of an adverse drug reaction?

• APACHE II score
• Naranjo algorithm
• Framingham risk score
• Glasgow Coma Scale

Correct Answer: Naranjo algorithm

Q5. What is the primary purpose of medication reconciliation performed by clinical pharmacists at transitions of care?

• To prescribe new medications to improve therapy
• To identify and resolve unintended medication discrepancies between care settings
• To provide general lifestyle advice unrelated to medications
• To perform therapeutic drug monitoring for all patients

Correct Answer: To identify and resolve unintended medication discrepancies between care settings

Q6. Which of the following is a standard criterion for performing an IV-to-PO antimicrobial conversion intervention?

• Patient is hemodynamically stable, tolerating oral intake and an oral equivalent with adequate bioavailability is available
• Patient is on vasopressor support and has ongoing GI bleeding
• Patient is unable to swallow and requires nasogastric feeding
• The oral formulation is significantly less expensive regardless of absorption

Correct Answer: Patient is hemodynamically stable, tolerating oral intake and an oral equivalent with adequate bioavailability is available

Q7. Which pharmacist intervention is a core component of antimicrobial stewardship programs?

• Automatic extension of all antibiotics for 14 days
• De-escalation of broad-spectrum antibiotics based on culture results
• Substituting antibiotics with herbal remedies
• Stopping lab monitoring to reduce costs

Correct Answer: De-escalation of broad-spectrum antibiotics based on culture results

Q8. Which tool is specifically designed to identify potentially inappropriate medications in elderly patients?

• Framingham Score
• Beers Criteria
• Glomerular Filtration Rate Calculator
• ASCVD Risk Estimator

Correct Answer: Beers Criteria

Q9. For which of the following drugs is therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) most commonly indicated and often part of pharmacist interventions?

• Amoxicillin
• Vancomycin
• Metformin
• Ibuprofen

Correct Answer: Vancomycin

Q10. Which documentation format is widely used by clinical pharmacists to record interventions and therapeutic plans?

• SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) note
• ICD-10 diagnostic coding only
• Billing-only entries without clinical detail
• Unstructured handwritten memos labeled “FYI”

Correct Answer: SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) note

Q11. A comprehensive medication review by a pharmacist primarily aims to:

• Increase the total number of medications a patient uses
• Identify and resolve drug therapy problems and optimize pharmacotherapy
• Replace all generic drugs with brand-name products
• Authorize laboratory tests without collaborating with clinicians

Correct Answer: Identify and resolve drug therapy problems and optimize pharmacotherapy

Q12. The ECHO model used to evaluate outcomes of pharmacist interventions stands for which of the following?

• Effectiveness, Cost, Health Outcomes
• Economic, Clinical, Humanistic Outcomes
• Evidence, Clinical, Heuristic Outcomes
• Efficiency, Compliance, Hospital metrics

Correct Answer: Economic, Clinical, Humanistic Outcomes

Q13. STOPP/START criteria are best applied to which type of pharmacist intervention?

• Optimizing antimicrobial dosing in sepsis
• Reviewing and improving prescribing appropriateness in older adults
• Determining chemotherapy regimens for oncology patients
• Adjusting insulin doses for type 1 diabetes in pediatrics

Correct Answer: Reviewing and improving prescribing appropriateness in older adults

Q14. Which intervention is most effective to improve adherence in a patient with multiple chronic medications?

• Switching all medications to short-acting formulations
• Providing a personalized medication schedule, pill organizer and counseling
• Reducing follow-up visits to once every two years
• Prescribing additional supplements without review

Correct Answer: Providing a personalized medication schedule, pill organizer and counseling

Q15. Which classification system is commonly used to document drug-related problems and pharmacist interventions in research and practice?

• PCNE (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) classification
• APGAR scoring system
• BMI classification
• Ranson criteria

Correct Answer: PCNE (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) classification

Q16. What is frequently reported as a major barrier to effective pharmacist interventions in hospitals?

• Excessive collaborative practice agreements
• Limited access to complete clinical information and medical records
• Too many pharmacists on clinical rounds
• Overabundance of pharmacist prescribing authority

Correct Answer: Limited access to complete clinical information and medical records

Q17. Which economic metric is commonly reported when evaluating the financial impact of pharmacist interventions?

• Cost avoidance achieved through prevented adverse events and therapy changes
• Gross revenue per prescription filled
• Cost of building maintenance for the pharmacy department
• Total number of syringes dispensed per year

Correct Answer: Cost avoidance achieved through prevented adverse events and therapy changes

Q18. Under a collaborative practice agreement, a pharmacist is typically authorized to:

• Perform major surgical procedures independently
• Modify medication therapy according to a predefined protocol in collaboration with a prescriber
• Issue hospital discharge summaries without oversight
• Diagnose psychiatric disorders without referral

Correct Answer: Modify medication therapy according to a predefined protocol in collaboration with a prescriber

Q19. Which pharmacist-led intervention at hospital discharge has the strongest evidence for reducing 30-day readmission rates?

• Automated generic substitution without counseling
• Medication reconciliation combined with patient counseling and follow-up
• Removing all chronic medications to streamline therapy
• Delaying discharge until the patient requests more time

Correct Answer: Medication reconciliation combined with patient counseling and follow-up

Q20. Which quality indicator best reflects the immediate impact of pharmacist recommendations in a multidisciplinary team?

• Number of brochures distributed in the clinic
• Acceptance rate of pharmacist recommendations by prescribers
• Amount of shelf space occupied by drugs
• Frequency of vending machine restocking

Correct Answer: Acceptance rate of pharmacist recommendations by prescribers

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