Focus Areas (Endocrine Block)

• Hyperglycemic Crises: DKA vs HHS differentiation, fluid resuscitation, insulin infusion protocols and anion gap closure.
• Thyroid Emergencies: Thyroid storm, myxedema coma, beta-blockade, antithyroid drugs and ICU supportive care.
• Adrenal Disorders: Adrenal crisis, chronic steroid use, stress-dose steroids, mineralocorticoid replacement and shock states.
• Water Balance: SIADH vs DI, serum sodium trends, urine osmolality and hypertonic or hypotonic fluid selection.
• Electrolyte Crises: Acute derangements in potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium impacting cardiac and neurologic function.
• ICU Glucose Management: Glycemic targets, insulin drips, recognizing hypoglycemia and preventing iatrogenic injury.