Clinical Examination & Investigations (Renal) MCQ Quiz | Renal & Genitourinary

1. A positive leukocyte esterase on a urine dipstick is most indicative of which of the following?

2. “Muddy brown” granular casts on urine microscopy are most characteristic of which condition?

3. What does Murphy’s kidney punch sign elicit if positive?

4. Painless hematuria in an elderly male smoker is a classic presentation highly suspicious for:

5. Which imaging modality is considered the initial investigation of choice for suspected hydronephrosis?

6. The presence of red blood cell (RBC) casts in urine is pathognomonic for which condition?

7. Oliguria is clinically defined as a urine output of less than:

8. Which component of the renal function test is most significantly affected by a patient’s dietary protein intake and hydration status?

9. What is the classic triad of symptoms for renal cell carcinoma?

10. On physical examination, percussion of a distended urinary bladder will typically produce what sound?

11. Which of the following is a major contraindication for administering iodinated contrast for an IVU or CT scan?

12. The CKD-EPI equation is a widely used formula to calculate:

13. Periorbital edema, particularly prominent in the morning, is a classic sign of which renal syndrome?

14. In which condition are broad, waxy casts typically seen in urine sediment?

15. A KUB (Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder) X-ray is most useful for identifying what type of renal stones?

16. A patient reporting “frothy” or “foamy” urine should be investigated for which significant finding on urinalysis?

17. The inability to retract the foreskin over the glans penis is a condition known as:

18. A “staghorn calculus” is a large renal stone that typically forms and takes the shape of the:

19. A renal biopsy is most commonly indicated for the definitive diagnosis of which group of diseases?

20. In a patient with acute kidney injury, a post-renal cause (obstruction) is most effectively and quickly ruled out by which investigation?

21. The triad of dysuria, frequency, and urgency are classic symptoms of:

22. Which of the following is commonly found in advanced renal failure (uremia)?

23. In bimanual palpation of a kidney, the posterior hand is typically placed in the:

24. A patient with polyuria, nocturia, and a low urine specific gravity might be suffering from:

25. Which investigation directly visualizes the interior of the urethra and bladder?