Pathophysiology and Patient Assessment I

The inflammatory response is a vital protective mechanism triggered by infection, injury, or harmful stimuli. It involves immune … Read more

The immune system protects the body from pathogens and plays a crucial role in health and disease. It … Read more

Cardiovascular pathophysiology explores the mechanisms behind disorders of the heart and blood vessels, such as hypertension, heart failure, … Read more

The neurological system governs sensory input, motor output, cognition, and coordination, encompassing the central and peripheral nervous systems. … Read more

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes in the body that result from disease or injury. It … Read more

Muscle function is essential to both voluntary and involuntary movements, encompassing skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle physiology. This … Read more

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary physiological functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It … Read more