Anesthetic Complications & Toxicity MCQ Quiz | Patient Safety

Welcome to this quiz on Anesthetic Complications and Toxicity, a critical area of Patient Safety for every medical student. This quiz is designed to test your understanding of potential adverse events related to anesthesia, from common issues like PONV to life-threatening emergencies such as Malignant Hyperthermia and LAST. You will be challenged on the recognition, pathophysiology, and immediate management of these complications. Answering these 25 questions will help reinforce your knowledge and prepare you for clinical scenarios where quick, informed decisions are vital. After submitting, your score will be displayed, and you will have the option to download all questions with their correct answers in PDF format for future study.

1. A 25-year-old male develops sudden, unexplained tachycardia, muscle rigidity (especially in the masseter), and a rapid increase in end-tidal CO2 shortly after induction with sevoflurane and succinylcholine. What is the most likely diagnosis?

2. What is the definitive treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia?

3. A patient undergoing an axillary block with bupivacaine suddenly complains of circumoral numbness, tinnitus, and becomes agitated, followed by a seizure. This clinical presentation is most consistent with:

4. What is the recommended first-line treatment for cardiovascular collapse due to LAST?

5. A patient develops hypotension, bronchospasm, and urticaria immediately after administration of rocuronium. Which medication should be administered FIRST?

6. Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is classically described as:

7. Administration of succinylcholine is relatively contraindicated in patients with which of the following conditions due to the risk of severe hyperkalemia?

8. Which of the following is a key feature of Propofol Infusion Syndrome (PRIS)?

9. A patient in the PACU develops central cyanosis that is unresponsive to 100% oxygen. Blood drawn appears ‘chocolate brown’. Which condition is most likely?

10. What is the treatment of choice for clinically significant methemoglobinemia?

11. The most common cause of perioperative nerve injury is related to:

12. Upon extubation, a patient develops inspiratory stridor and signs of respiratory distress, including tracheal tug and intercostal retractions. This is most characteristic of:

13. Which of the following factors is a major risk factor for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)?

15. “Halothane hepatitis” is a rare but severe complication caused by:

16. A patient who underwent a prolonged case under general anesthesia is now in the PACU and is shivering intensely. This can lead to a significant increase in:

17. Negative Pressure Pulmonary Edema (NPPE) typically occurs after:

18. The term for prolonged paralysis after succinylcholine administration in a patient with an inherited enzyme abnormality is:

19. Which component of the “fire triad” is most directly contributed by the anesthesia provider in a typical operating room scenario?

20. The most significant risk factor for awareness under general anesthesia is:

21. A patient receiving a high-dose infusion of sodium nitroprusside for controlled hypotension develops metabolic acidosis, confusion, and tachyphylaxis. This suggests toxicity from which metabolite?

22. Mendelson’s syndrome refers to:

23. Inadvertent intra-arterial injection of which drug is known to cause severe pain, vasospasm, and potential limb ischemia?

24. Which of the following is the most common iatrogenic cause of dental injury during anesthesia?

25. A key difference between Postoperative Delirium (POD) and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is that POD is typically:

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