Effective diabetes management extends far beyond prescriptions and is rooted in patient empowerment through health and wellness education. This “transcending concept,” a key part of the Patient Care 5 curriculum, focuses on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES), which includes crucial skills in nutrition, physical activity, and blood glucose monitoring. Pharmacists are vital educators and coaches in this process. This quiz will test your knowledge on the principles of lifestyle modification and the pharmacist’s role in guiding patients toward better health outcomes.
1. What is the cornerstone of management for all patients with diabetes?
- a. Insulin therapy
- b. Oral pharmacotherapy
- c. Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES)
- d. Annual eye exams
Answer: c. Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES)
2. A patient with type 1 diabetes is learning to count carbohydrates to dose their mealtime insulin. Which of the following foods contains a significant amount of carbohydrates?
- a. Chicken breast
- b. Olive oil
- c. A slice of bread
- d. Broccoli
Answer: c. A slice of bread
3. The “Plate Method” is a simple visual tool for meal planning. It recommends filling half of your plate with:
- a. Lean protein
- b. Starchy carbohydrates
- c. Non-starchy vegetables
- d. Fruit
Answer: c. Non-starchy vegetables
4. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), what is the recommended amount of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity for adults with diabetes per week?
- a. 30 minutes
- b. 60 minutes
- c. 90 minutes
- d. 150 minutes
Answer: d. 150 minutes
5. What is the primary purpose of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)?
- a. To provide real-time feedback to the patient on how diet, exercise, and medication affect their glucose levels.
- b. To diagnose diabetes.
- c. To measure A1c.
- d. To fulfill an insurance requirement only.
Answer: a. To provide real-time feedback to the patient on how diet, exercise, and medication affect their glucose levels.
6. The “Introduction to Diabetes Self-Management Education” is a specific lecture in which course?
- a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
- b. PHA5104 Sterile Compounding
- c. PHA5703 Pharmacy Law and Ethics
- d. PHA5878C Patient Care 3
Answer: a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
7. A patient with diabetes feels shaky, sweaty, and confused. Their blood glucose is 62 mg/dL. This condition is known as:
- a. Hyperglycemia
- b. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
- c. Hypoglycemia
- d. The dawn phenomenon
Answer: c. Hypoglycemia
8. The “Rule of 15” for treating hypoglycemia involves:
- a. Consuming 15 grams of protein and rechecking blood glucose in 15 minutes.
- b. Consuming 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate and rechecking blood glucose in 15 minutes.
- c. Injecting 15 units of insulin and waiting 15 minutes.
- d. Calling the doctor and waiting 15 minutes for a call back.
Answer: b. Consuming 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate and rechecking blood glucose in 15 minutes.
9. Which of the following is an example of 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate?
- a. 4 ounces of juice or regular soda
- b. 1 tablespoon of peanut butter
- c. A slice of cheese
- d. A handful of nuts
Answer: a. 4 ounces of juice or regular soda
10. A key counseling point for a patient with diabetes who wants to exercise is to:
- a. Avoid checking their blood sugar before exercise.
- b. Always exercise on an empty stomach.
- c. Check their blood sugar before exercising and carry a carbohydrate source in case of hypoglycemia.
- d. Only perform resistance training.
Answer: c. Check their blood sugar before exercising and carry a carbohydrate source in case of hypoglycemia.
11. The management of diabetes is a topic within the Patient Care 5 curriculum.
- a. True
- b. False
Answer: a. True
12. A patient with diabetes should have a comprehensive, dilated eye exam how often to screen for retinopathy?
- a. Every 5 years
- b. Every 10 years
- c. Annually
- d. Only if they experience vision changes.
Answer: c. Annually
13. What is the purpose of a patient with diabetes performing daily foot checks?
- a. To ensure their shoes fit properly.
- b. To check for cuts, sores, or changes in sensation due to diabetic neuropathy.
- c. To look for signs of athlete’s foot.
- d. To improve circulation.
Answer: b. To check for cuts, sores, or changes in sensation due to diabetic neuropathy.
14. Which of the following vaccines is strongly recommended for all patients with diabetes?
- a. Annual influenza vaccine
- b. Pneumococcal vaccine
- c. Hepatitis B vaccine
- d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above.
15. Educating a patient on how to monitor their blood glucose is a key objective for student pharmacists.
- a. True
- b. False
Answer: a. True
16. Which of the following is the best beverage choice for a patient with diabetes?
- a. Regular soda
- b. Sweet tea
- c. Fruit punch
- d. Water or diet soda
Answer: d. Water or diet soda
17. The lecture on carbohydrate counting is part of the Patient Care 5 curriculum.
- a. True
- b. False
Answer: a. True
18. What is the primary benefit of a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM)?
- a. It eliminates the need for all medications.
- b. It provides real-time glucose readings, trend data, and alarms for high and low glucose levels.
- c. It measures A1c directly.
- d. It is less expensive than test strips.
Answer: b. It provides real-time glucose readings, trend data, and alarms for high and low glucose levels.
19. A patient’s A1c goal should be individualized based on:
- a. Their risk of hypoglycemia.
- b. Their age and life expectancy.
- c. The presence of comorbidities.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
20. An active learning session on diabetes is part of the Patient Care 5 course.
- a. True
- b. False
Answer: a. True
21. A pharmacist’s role in diabetes health and wellness includes:
- a. Training patients on how to use their glucometers and insulin pens.
- b. Counseling on lifestyle modifications.
- c. Promoting adherence to medication and monitoring.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
22. Which of the following is a key component of a “sick day” plan for a patient with diabetes?
- a. Stop taking all diabetes medications, including insulin.
- b. Avoid checking blood glucose to reduce stress.
- c. Continue taking medications (though doses may need adjustment), monitor glucose more frequently, and stay hydrated.
- d. Eat large amounts of carbohydrates to keep energy up.
Answer: c. Continue taking medications (though doses may need adjustment), monitor glucose more frequently, and stay hydrated.
23. “Time-in-Range” is a metric used with which diabetes technology?
- a. A standard glucometer
- b. An A1c test
- c. A Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM)
- d. An insulin pump
Answer: c. A Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM)
24. An active learning session on diabetes is part of which course?
- a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
- b. PHA5163L Professional Skills Lab 3
- c. PHA5781 Patient Care I
- d. PHA5782C Patient Care 2
Answer: a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
25. A patient should be counseled to check for what when they have an unexpectedly high blood glucose reading?
- a. Expired test strips.
- b. An issue with their glucometer.
- c. Missed medication doses.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
26. The goal of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in diabetes is to:
- a. Help patients achieve glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid goals.
- b. Promote a healthy eating pattern.
- c. Address individual nutrition needs.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
27. For a patient with diabetes, what other health parameter is crucial to manage to reduce cardiovascular risk?
- a. Blood pressure and cholesterol
- b. Hair growth
- c. Hearing acuity
- d. Skin turgor
Answer: a. Blood pressure and cholesterol
28. An active learning session on diabetes is part of which course module?
- a. Module 1: Diabetes Mellitus
- b. Module 3: Women’s Health
- c. Module 4: Medication Safety
- d. Module 8: Men’s Health
Answer: a. Module 1: Diabetes Mellitus
29. What is a key counseling point for a patient regarding their lancets for blood glucose monitoring?
- a. They can be reused multiple times until they are dull.
- b. They should be used only once to reduce pain and risk of infection.
- c. They should be shared with family members.
- d. They should be disposed of in the regular trash.
Answer: b. They should be used only once to reduce pain and risk of infection.
30. The “Health and Wellness: Diabetes” transcending concept is part of the Patient Care 5 curriculum.
- a. True
- b. False
Answer: a. True
31. When should a patient with type 1 diabetes check for ketones?
- a. When their blood glucose is consistently >250 mg/dL or during times of illness.
- b. Every time they check their blood glucose.
- c. Only on an annual basis at the doctor’s office.
- d. Never, as ketones are not a concern in type 1 diabetes.
Answer: a. When their blood glucose is consistently >250 mg/dL or during times of illness.
32. The primary benefit of resistance training for a patient with diabetes is:
- a. It improves cardiovascular endurance.
- b. It increases muscle mass, which can improve insulin sensitivity.
- c. It is the best exercise for weight loss.
- d. It is easier than aerobic exercise.
Answer: b. It increases muscle mass, which can improve insulin sensitivity.
33. What is the role of a pharmacist in preventing diabetes complications?
- a. Encouraging adherence to medications for glucose, BP, and lipids.
- b. Reminding patients about the need for regular eye, foot, and kidney exams.
- c. Providing smoking cessation counseling.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
34. Which of the following is NOT a good source of carbohydrates to treat hypoglycemia?
- a. Glucose tablets
- b. A chocolate bar with nuts
- c. Skittles or other hard candy
- d. 4 ounces of apple juice
Answer: b. A chocolate bar with nuts
35. A pharmacist counseling a patient with diabetes should always promote a:
- a. Collaborative and patient-centered approach.
- b. Directive and authoritarian approach.
- c. Hands-off approach.
- d. Rushed approach.
Answer: a. Collaborative and patient-centered approach.
36. A patient with diabetes should be advised to always carry:
- a. A source of fast-acting carbohydrate.
- b. Their glucometer.
- c. Some form of medical identification indicating they have diabetes.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
37. How does regular physical activity affect insulin requirements?
- a. It increases insulin requirements.
- b. It can decrease insulin requirements by improving insulin sensitivity.
- c. It has no effect on insulin requirements.
- d. It makes insulin stop working.
Answer: b. It can decrease insulin requirements by improving insulin sensitivity.
38. The lecture “Diabetes Self-Management Education – Diet” is part of which course?
- a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
- b. PHA5163L Professional Skills Lab 3
- c. PHA5781 Patient Care I
- d. PHA5782C Patient Care 2
Answer: a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
39. A patient’s A1c is 9.5%. This indicates that their average blood glucose is:
- a. Within the target range.
- b. Well-controlled.
- c. Significantly elevated above the target range.
- d. Too low.
Answer: c. Significantly elevated above the target range.
40. An active learning session covering diabetes self-management is part of which course?
- a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
- b. PHA5163L Professional Skills Lab 3
- c. PHA5781 Patient Care I
- d. PHA5782C Patient Care 2
Answer: a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
41. Which of the following is a key aspect of problem-solving in DSMES?
- a. Teaching a patient how to interpret their blood glucose patterns.
- b. Helping a patient plan for special occasions like parties or travel.
- c. Developing a sick-day plan.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
42. A healthy coping strategy for a patient feeling overwhelmed by their diabetes is:
- a. To ignore their blood sugars and stop taking their medications.
- b. To join a support group or speak with a mental health professional.
- c. To eat “comfort foods” that are high in sugar.
- d. To avoid discussing their diabetes with anyone.
Answer: b. To join a support group or speak with a mental health professional.
43. A pharmacist providing MTM services for a patient with diabetes is an example of:
- a. A purely dispensing function.
- b. An advanced patient care service focused on health and wellness.
- c. A violation of practice laws.
- d. A self-care consultation.
Answer: b. An advanced patient care service focused on health and wellness.
44. What is the best way to confirm the accuracy of a patient’s glucometer?
- a. Compare a reading to a concurrent lab-drawn plasma glucose level.
- b. Use control solution.
- c. Ensure the test strips are not expired.
- d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above.
45. What is the main reason a patient experiencing hypoglycemia should follow their 15g of carbohydrate with a small snack containing protein and fat?
- a. It makes the treatment taste better.
- b. To prevent a subsequent drop in blood glucose after the initial rise.
- c. To increase their calorie intake.
- d. It is not necessary to do this.
Answer: b. To prevent a subsequent drop in blood glucose after the initial rise.
46. Alcohol consumption can increase the risk of what in a patient with diabetes, especially if they are taking insulin or a sulfonylurea?
- a. Hyperglycemia
- b. Delayed hypoglycemia
- c. DKA
- d. Weight gain
Answer: b. Delayed hypoglycemia
47. “Reducing risks” in DSMES refers to preventing:
- a. Only hypoglycemia.
- b. Only hyperglycemia.
- c. Long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications.
- d. All medication side effects.
Answer: c. Long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications.
48. An active learning session on diabetes health and wellness is part of which course?
- a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
- b. PHA5163L Professional Skills Lab 3
- c. PHA5781 Patient Care I
- d. PHA5782C Patient Care 2
Answer: a. PHA5787C Patient Care 5
49. A patient’s success in managing their diabetes is most dependent on:
- a. The specific brand of insulin they use.
- b. Their active participation and engagement in their own daily self-care.
- c. The number of times they see their endocrinologist per year.
- d. The pharmacist’s ability to dispense medications quickly.
Answer: b. Their active participation and engagement in their own daily self-care.
50. The ultimate goal of diabetes health and wellness education is to:
- a. Ensure the patient knows more than the pharmacist.
- b. Empower the patient with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to effectively manage their condition.
- c. Make the patient feel guilty about their lifestyle choices.
- d. Eliminate the need for all medications.
Answer: b. Empower the patient with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to effectively manage their condition.