Factory Act and accident prevention principles MCQs With Answer

Factory Act and accident prevention principles MCQs With Answer

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Factory Act and accident prevention principles MCQs With Answer

The following quiz is designed for M.Pharm students to strengthen understanding of the Factory Acts applicable to pharmaceutical manufacturing and the core principles of accident prevention. Questions cover legal responsibilities, required welfare and safety provisions, hazardous process management, reporting and inspection, and practical prevention strategies used in industry such as hierarchy of controls, permit-to-work, risk assessment, HAZOP and root‑cause analysis. These MCQs emphasize application to pharmaceutical operations—handling hazardous chemicals, engineering controls like local exhaust ventilation, safe maintenance, emergency preparedness and documentation—so you can confidently apply regulatory requirements and safety management practices in real-world pharma settings.

Q1. Who holds the primary legal responsibility for ensuring health, safety and welfare of workers in a factory under the Factories Act?

  • The occupier of the factory
  • The factory inspector
  • Each individual worker
  • The local municipal authority

Correct Answer: The occupier of the factory

Q2. Under the Factories Act, which party is responsible for providing and maintaining first-aid facilities at the workplace?

  • The occupier of the factory
  • The workers’ union
  • The state health department
  • The contract medical service provider

Correct Answer: The occupier of the factory

Q3. What is the commonly permitted maximum overtime per worker per day under typical Factory Act provisions?

  • 2 hours per day
  • 6 hours per day
  • 4 hours per day
  • No overtime allowed

Correct Answer: 2 hours per day

Q4. In the hierarchy of controls for accident prevention, which control has the highest priority?

  • Elimination or substitution of the hazard
  • Personal protective equipment
  • Administrative controls such as job rotation
  • Warning signs and training

Correct Answer: Elimination or substitution of the hazard

Q5. A permit-to-work system in a pharmaceutical plant is primarily used to control which of the following?

  • High-risk or non-routine activities such as hot work and confined-space entry
  • Routine daily production activities
  • Payroll and attendance
  • Marketing and distribution of products

Correct Answer: High-risk or non-routine activities such as hot work and confined-space entry

Q6. What is the main purpose of near-miss reporting in an effective accident prevention program?

  • To identify latent hazards and prevent actual accidents
  • To punish workers who make mistakes
  • To record only minor injuries for insurance
  • To increase production targets

Correct Answer: To identify latent hazards and prevent actual accidents

Q7. Which welfare facility is explicitly required under typical Factory Act provisions for worker health and hygiene?

  • Provision of clean drinking water
  • On-site luxury accommodation
  • Private gym for all workers
  • Company-sponsored leisure trips

Correct Answer: Provision of clean drinking water

Q8. Which of the following is an example of an engineering control to reduce airborne chemical exposures in a pharma plant?

  • Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source
  • Providing disposable gloves to workers
  • Displaying hazard warning signs
  • Issuing standard operating procedures to staff

Correct Answer: Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source

Q9. Which investigation technique uses repeated “why” questions to uncover underlying causes of an incident?

  • The 5 Whys method
  • Fault tree analysis
  • HAZOP study
  • Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)

Correct Answer: The 5 Whys method

Q10. Which provision is typically required by the Factories Act to reduce fire risk in manufacturing premises?

  • Provision and maintenance of adequate fire-fighting equipment
  • Mandatory overtime during peak seasons
  • Removal of all safety signage to avoid clutter
  • Prohibition of emergency drills

Correct Answer: Provision and maintenance of adequate fire-fighting equipment

Q11. A “hazardous process” in the factory context generally refers to operations that:

  • Involve risk of serious injury, poisoning, disease or fire due to hazardous substances or conditions
  • Are profitable and generate high revenue
  • Require more than one supervisor
  • Are performed only at night

Correct Answer: Involve risk of serious injury, poisoning, disease or fire due to hazardous substances or conditions

Q12. Lockout–tagout procedures are used primarily to:

  • Prevent accidental energization or startup of machinery during maintenance
  • Schedule workers’ shifts
  • Manage inventory of raw materials
  • Improve marketing of products

Correct Answer: Prevent accidental energization or startup of machinery during maintenance

Q13. What is the principal objective of conducting an accident investigation in a pharmaceutical facility?

  • To determine causes and implement measures to prevent recurrence
  • To allocate blame to an individual worker
  • To reduce worker wages
  • To remove safety equipment

Correct Answer: To determine causes and implement measures to prevent recurrence

Q14. In the control hierarchy, PPE (personal protective equipment) is classified as which level of control?

  • Last line of defense
  • Elimination and substitution
  • Engineering control
  • Process redesign

Correct Answer: Last line of defense

Q15. Who is authorized under the Factories Act to inspect factory premises and enforce compliance with safety laws?

  • The factory inspector appointed by the government
  • The company chief financial officer
  • Any member of the public
  • The product marketing manager

Correct Answer: The factory inspector appointed by the government

Q16. Which of the following is commonly recognized as an occupational disease relevant to pharmaceutical manufacturing?

  • Lead poisoning from chronic exposure to lead compounds
  • Common cold transmitted by customers
  • Seasonal allergic rhinitis unrelated to workplace exposures
  • Sports injuries from recreational activity

Correct Answer: Lead poisoning from chronic exposure to lead compounds

Q17. The primary aim of a safety audit in a factory is to:

  • Assess compliance with safety standards and identify improvement opportunities
  • Reduce the number of workers without reason
  • Increase the number of safety signs only
  • Delay production schedules

Correct Answer: Assess compliance with safety standards and identify improvement opportunities

Q18. HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) is most useful for analyzing which aspect of pharmaceutical operations?

  • Potential deviations in process conditions and their consequences in process plants
  • Payroll and human resources policies
  • Packaging design aesthetics
  • Sales forecasting

Correct Answer: Potential deviations in process conditions and their consequences in process plants

Q19. Which of the following is a proactive measure to prevent accidents in a pharmaceutical facility?

  • Formal risk assessment and hazard identification before starting work
  • Waiting for an incident to occur before changing procedures
  • Only relying on compensation insurance after accidents
  • Using expired emergency equipment until it fails

Correct Answer: Formal risk assessment and hazard identification before starting work

Q20. In the event of a serious accident at a factory, who is generally required to notify the appropriate government inspector or authority?

  • The occupier or the manager of the factory
  • An unrelated contractor
  • A nearby competing company
  • The marketing department

Correct Answer: The occupier or the manager of the factory

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