Hematuria – Workup MCQ Quiz | Genitourinary

Welcome to this specialized multiple-choice quiz on the workup of Hematuria, a critical topic in the Genitourinary system for MBBS students. This quiz is designed to test your understanding of the diagnostic pathway, from initial assessment and urinalysis to advanced imaging and invasive procedures. You will encounter 25 questions covering the differentiation between glomerular and non-glomerular causes, indications for cystoscopy and CT urography, and key clinical presentations of various underlying pathologies. This exercise will help solidify your knowledge for both theoretical exams and clinical practice. After completing the quiz, you can review your performance and download a PDF version of all questions with their correct answers for future revision. Good luck!

1. What is the standard definition of microscopic hematuria on urine microscopy?

2. A 65-year-old male, a chronic smoker, presents with painless gross hematuria. Which diagnosis must be excluded first?

3. The presence of dysmorphic red blood cells and RBC casts in urine sediment is highly suggestive of:

4. What is the investigation of choice for imaging the upper urinary tract (kidneys and ureters) in a patient with hematuria?

5. The “gold standard” investigation for evaluating the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) is:

6. A 22-year-old male presents with gross hematuria 2 days after an episode of pharyngitis. This presentation is classic for:

7. A urine dipstick is positive for blood, but urine microscopy shows no RBCs. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

8. A young male patient presents with microscopic hematuria, sensorineural hearing loss, and a family history of renal failure. What is the most probable diagnosis?

9. The triad of hematuria, flank pain, and a palpable abdominal mass is classically associated with:

10. A patient on warfarin therapy presents with gross hematuria. What is the most appropriate next step?

11. Nutcracker syndrome, a cause of hematuria, involves the compression of which blood vessel?

12. Which of the following is the most common cause of hematuria in children?

13. A “three-glass test” is performed. If blood is most prominent in the first glass (initial hematuria), where is the likely source of bleeding?

14. Which of these drugs is well-known for causing hemorrhagic cystitis?

15. A patient with sickle cell trait presenting with painless gross hematuria should be evaluated for:

16. When is a renal biopsy most strongly indicated in the workup of isolated microscopic hematuria?

17. Which of the following is NOT considered a major risk factor for urothelial carcinoma?

18. “Cola-colored” or “smoky” urine is a classic description for hematuria of which origin?

19. A 25-year-old female presents with microscopic hematuria. She is otherwise healthy with no risk factors. Her urinalysis is normal apart from RBCs. What is the most appropriate next step?

20. The combination of hematuria and hemoptysis should raise suspicion for:

21. Benign familial hematuria is an inherited condition characterized by:

22. Cyclical hematuria that coincides with menstruation in a female patient suggests which rare condition?

23. In the initial evaluation of hematuria, which test is essential to perform alongside urinalysis to rule out infection?

24. Loin pain-hematuria syndrome is typically a diagnosis of:

25. Which of the following is an advantage of CT Urography over a standard abdominal CT with contrast for hematuria evaluation?