Urinary Tract Infection (Acute/Recurrent) MCQ Quiz | Genitourinary

Welcome, MBBS students! This quiz is designed to test your understanding of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), a core topic within the Genitourinary system module. Covering everything from the pathophysiology and common pathogens of acute UTIs to the complex management strategies for recurrent infections, these 25 multiple-choice questions will challenge your clinical knowledge. Assess your grasp of diagnosis, first-line treatments, special considerations in populations like pregnant women, and the nuances of complicated versus uncomplicated cases. After submitting your answers, you will receive your score and a detailed review of each question. For your revision, you can also download a PDF file containing all the questions along with their correct answers. Good luck!

1. What is the most common causative organism for uncomplicated acute cystitis in women?

2. Which finding on a urine dipstick analysis is most specific for the presence of a urinary tract infection caused by Enterobacteriaceae?

3. According to current guidelines, which of the following is a recommended first-line agent for a 5-day course of treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in a non-pregnant woman?

4. Recurrent UTI is defined as:

5. After E. coli, what is the second most common cause of community-acquired UTI in sexually active young women?

6. The vast majority of urinary tract infections are caused by which route of infection?

7. Which of the following patient scenarios describes a complicated UTI?

8. The classic triad of symptoms for acute pyelonephritis includes:

9. What is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of a urinary tract infection?

10. In a symptomatic woman, what colony count from a clean-catch midstream urine sample is traditionally considered indicative of significant bacteriuria?

11. A 35-year-old female presents with acute pyelonephritis but is hemodynamically stable and able to tolerate oral intake. Which is an appropriate initial outpatient antibiotic regimen, assuming local resistance rates to E. coli are low?

12. Treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria is routinely recommended in which of the following patient populations?

13. Which of the following is a urease-producing bacterium strongly associated with the formation of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) kidney stones?

14. What is the single most important risk factor for developing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?

15. A 70-year-old male presents with recurrent UTIs. What is the most common underlying anatomical or functional abnormality to investigate?

16. Which antibiotic used for UTI is contraindicated during the third trimester of pregnancy due to the risk of kernicterus in the newborn?

17. A positive leukocyte esterase test on a urine dipstick indicates the presence of:

18. For a woman with recurrent UTIs related to sexual intercourse, what is an effective prophylactic strategy?

19. Urosepsis is best defined as:

20. The preferred method for collecting a urine specimen for culture in a toilet-trained, uncircumcised male is:

21. Empiric antibiotic selection for an uncomplicated UTI should be primarily based on:

22. The proposed mechanism of action for cranberry products in the prevention of UTIs involves:

23. A patient has symptoms of a UTI and urinalysis shows pyuria, but the standard urine culture is negative. Which of the following is a potential cause of this “sterile pyuria”?

24. What is the primary therapeutic role of phenazopyridine in the management of a UTI?

25. White blood cell (WBC) casts in the urine sediment are pathognomonic for which condition?