Chemicals & Pesticides MCQ Quiz | Poisonings & Environmental

1. The primary mechanism of toxicity in organophosphate poisoning is the irreversible inhibition of which enzyme?

2. Which of the following is a classic muscarinic sign of organophosphate poisoning?

3. A farmer is brought to the emergency department with salivation, lacrimation, and bradycardia after spraying pesticides. What is the primary role of Atropine in his management?

4. Oximes, like Pralidoxime (PAM), are administered in organophosphate poisoning primarily to treat:

5. Which statement best differentiates carbamate poisoning from organophosphate poisoning?

6. Organochlorine pesticides like DDT and Endosulfan primarily cause toxicity by acting as:

7. The herbicide Paraquat is notoriously toxic to which specific organ, causing progressive fibrosis?

8. Aluminum phosphide (“Celphos”) poisoning leads to severe metabolic acidosis and shock due to the liberation of which toxic gas upon contact with moisture?

9. A patient presents with garlic odor on breath, hemorrhagic diathesis, and is diagnosed with “superwarfarin” rodenticide poisoning. What is the most appropriate antidote?

10. A factory worker is found unconscious. His skin is cherry-red, and there is a faint smell of bitter almonds in the air. This presentation is highly suggestive of poisoning with:

11. Cyanide causes cellular hypoxia by inhibiting which component of the electron transport chain?

12. The standard cyanide antidote kit often includes amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate. The nitrites work by inducing:

13. Carbon monoxide causes tissue hypoxia primarily by:

14. While the classic “cherry-red” skin color is associated with carbon monoxide poisoning, it is a post-mortem finding. In a living patient, what is a more common, though non-specific, finding?

15. The most serious complication of kerosene (hydrocarbon) ingestion in a child is:

16. Ingestion of a strong corrosive acid is most likely to cause which type of necrosis in the esophagus and stomach?

17. In contrast to acids, ingestion of strong alkalis (e.g., drain cleaner) typically causes deeper tissue injury due to:

18. A child living in an old house with peeling paint presents with developmental delay, abdominal colic, and anemia. A peripheral smear is likely to show which characteristic finding?

19. “Burton’s line,” a bluish line on the gums, is a classic sign of chronic poisoning with which heavy metal?

20. “Mees’ lines” (transverse white bands on nails) are a characteristic finding in chronic poisoning with:

21. The classic triad of mercury poisoning (erethism) consists of excitability, tremors, and:

22. Methanol poisoning causes severe anion gap metabolic acidosis and visual disturbances due to its toxic metabolite, which is:

23. Ingestion of ethylene glycol (antifreeze) leads to acute renal failure due to the precipitation of which type of crystals in the renal tubules?

24. What is the clinical endpoint for atropinization in a patient with severe organophosphate poisoning?

25. The treatment for both methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning involves the administration of an inhibitor of which enzyme?