Anemia MCQ Quiz | Blood

1. A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue and pallor. Her lab results show: Hb 9.5 g/dL, MCV 72 fL, MCH 24 pg, and low serum ferritin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

2. Which of the following peripheral smear findings is most characteristic of megaloblastic anemia?

3. A patient with chronic kidney disease is found to be anemic. The primary mechanism for this anemia is decreased production of which hormone?

4. In iron deficiency anemia, which of the following laboratory findings is typically expected?

5. Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency of:

6. A 22-year-old African American male presents with sudden onset of severe back and chest pain after a strenuous physical activity. His peripheral smear shows sickled red blood cells. This vaso-occlusive crisis is a hallmark of which condition?

7. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is primarily mediated by which inflammatory cytokine that upregulates hepcidin?

8. A patient’s bone marrow biopsy shows marked hypocellularity with a predominance of fat cells. This finding is most consistent with:

9. Which of the following is an X-linked recessive disorder that can lead to acute hemolytic anemia upon exposure to certain drugs, infections, or fava beans?

10. The presence of basophilic stippling in red blood cells on a peripheral smear is classically associated with which condition?

11. In hereditary spherocytosis, the underlying defect is in:

12. A patient has anemia with MCV of 115 fL. Neurological symptoms such as paresthesia and ataxia are present. A deficiency of which vitamin is most likely?

13. What is the primary role of hepcidin in iron metabolism?

14. The direct Coombs test (Direct Antiglobulin Test) is used to detect:

15. A peripheral smear showing bite cells and Heinz bodies (with special stain) is characteristic of:

16. In beta-thalassemia major (Cooley’s anemia), there is a:

17. Plummer-Vinson syndrome is a triad of dysphagia, esophageal webs, and:

18. Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic (intracorpuscular) hemolytic anemia?

19. Ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow are a hallmark of which type of anemia?

20. The Mentzer index (MCV/RBC count) is useful in differentiating between which two conditions?

21. A patient with a history of gastrectomy is at highest risk for developing which type of anemia?

22. What is the primary pathophysiological event in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)?

23. In a patient with suspected hemolytic anemia, which of the following lab findings would be most indicative?

24. A ‘hair-on-end’ appearance on a skull X-ray is a classic finding in which severe, chronic anemia, resulting from massive erythroid hyperplasia?

25. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for a patient with severe, symptomatic autoimmune hemolytic anemia (warm type)?